Machine Translation Archive

Index of System and Project names

A-L

[For systems M-Z click here]

 

ACAFE

(2006) David Dinh, Dennis Chan & Jack Chen: A multi-lingual decision support prototype for the medical domain.  HLT-NAACL 2006: Proceedings of the  Workshop on Medical Speech Translation, 9 June 2006, New York, NY, USA; pp.53-56 [PDF, 247KB]

Accultran

(2006) Daniel T. Heinze, Alexander Turchin & V. Jagannathan: Accultran: automated interpretation of clinical encounters with cultural cues and electronic health record generation.  HLT-NAACL 2006: Proceedings of the  Workshop on Medical Speech Translation, 9 June 2006, New York, NY, USA; pp.50-52 [PDF, 181KB]

ACCURAT

(2011) Raivis Skadiņš, Kārlis Goba, & Valters Šics: Improving SMT with morphology knowledge for Baltic languages. Machine Translation and Morphologically- rich Languages: Research Workshop of the Israel Science Foundation, University of Haifa, Israel, 26 January, 2011; 3pp. [PDF, 171KB]; presentation: 24 slides [PDF of PPT, 342KB]

(2011) ACCURAT: analysis and evaluation of comparable corpora for under resourced areas of machine translation. (European Machine Translation Projects.) [EAMT 2011]: proceedings of the 15th conference of the European Association for Machine Translation, 30-31 May 2011, Leuven, Belgium; eds. Mikel L.Forcada, Heidi Depraetere, Vincent Vandeghinste; p.323. [PDF, 287KB]

(2010) Inguna Skadiņa, Andrejs Vasiļjevs, Raivis Skadiņš, Robert Gaizauskas, Dan Tufiş, & Tatiana Gornostay: Analysis and evaluation of comparable corpora for under resourced areas of machine translation. [LREC 2010] Proceedings of the 3rd Workshop on Building and Using Comparable Corpora, Malta, 22 May 2010; pp.6-14. [PDF, 318KB]

ACQUILEX

(1993) Ann Copestake & Antonio Sanfilippo: Multilingual lexical representation. In:  Building lexicons for machine translation: papers from the 1993 AAAI Spring Symposium, March 23-25, Stanford, California. (Technical report SS-93-02; Menlo Park, California: AAAI Press, 1993); pp.12-21.

(1992) Ann Copestake: The ACQUILEX LKB: representation issues in semi-automatic acquisition of large lexicons.  Third conference on Applied Natural Language Processing [of] Association for Computational Linguistics. Proceedings of the conference, 31 March – 3 April 1992, Trento, Italy;  pp.88-95. [PDF, 905KB]

(1992) Eugenio Picchi, Carol Peters, & Elisabetta Marinai: A translator’s workstation. Coling-92: Proceedings of the Fifteenth [i.e. Fourteenth] International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Nantes, 23-28/8/1992; pp. 972-976. [PDF, 384KB]

(1992) Antonio Sanfilippo, Ted Briscoe, Ann Copestake, Maria Antonia Martí, Mariona Taulé, & Antonietta Alonge: Translation equivalence and lexicalization in the ACQUILEX LKB Fourth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation (TMI-92), Empiricist vs. rationalist methods in MT, June 25-27, 1992, Montreal, CCRIT-CWARC; pp.1-11. [PDF, 292KB]

(1992) Antonio Sanfilippo & Victor Poznański: The acquisition of lexical knowledge from combined machine-readable dictionary sources.  Third conference on Applied Natural Language Processing [of] Association for Computational Linguistics. Proceedings of the conference, 31 March – 3 April 1992, Trento, Italy;  pp.80-87. [PDF, 797KB]

Acquis [Communautaire]

(2011) Mauro Cettolo, Nicola Bertoldi, & Marcello Federico: Methods for smoothing the optimizer instability in SMT. MT Summit XIII: the Thirteenth Machine Translation Summit [organized by the] Asia-Pacific Association for Machine Translation (AAMT), 19-23 September 2011, Xiamen, China; pp.32-39. [PDF, 150KB]

 (2011) Jaako Väyrynen, Timo Honkela, & Marcus Dobrinkat: Context in machine translation: challenge and data set. META-NET Workshop: Context in MT, June 14, 2011; 10 slides [PDF of PPT, 146KB]

(2009) Philipp Koehn, Alexandra Birch & Ralf Steinberger: 462 machine translation systems for Europe. MT Summit XII: proceedings of the twelfth Machine Translation Summit, August 26-30, 2009, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; pp. 65-72. [PDF, 204KB]

(2009) Michel Simard & Pierre Isabelle: Phrase-based machine translation in a computer-assisted translation environment. MT Summit XII: proceedings of the twelfth Machine Translation Summit, August 26-30, 2009, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; pp.120-127. [PDF, 68KB]

(2008) Mark Fishel & Heiki-Jaan Kaalep: Experiments on processing overlapping parallel corpora. LREC 2008: 6th Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, Marrakech, Morocco, 26-30 May 2008; 5pp. [PDF, 186KB]

(2007) Heiki-Jaan Kaalep & Kaarel Veskis: Comparing parallel corpora and evaluating their quality. MT Summit XI, 10-14 September 2007, Copenhagen, Denmark. Proceedings; pp.275-279 [PDF, 164KB]

(2006) Alexandru Ceauşu, Dan Ştefănescu, & Dan Tufiş: Acquis Communautaire sentence alignment using support vector machines.  LREC-2006: Fifth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation. Proceedings, Genoa, Italy, 22-28 May 2006; pp.2134-2137 [PDF, 381KB]

(2006) Tomaž Erjavec: The English-Slovene ACQUIS corpus. LREC-2006: Fifth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation. Proceedings, Genoa, Italy, 22-28 May 2006; pp.2138-2141 [PDF, 365KB]

(2006) Emmanuel Giguet & Pierre-Sylvain Luquet: Multilingual lexical database generation fom parallel texts in 20 European languages with endogenous resources. Coling-ACL 2006: Proceedings of the Coling/ACL 2006 Main Conference Poster Sessions, Sydney, July 2006; pp.271-278. [PDF, 427KB]

(2006) Ralf Steinberger, Bruno Pouliquen, Anna Widiger, Camelia Ignat, Tomaž Erjavec, Dan Tufiş, & Daniel Varga: The JRC-Acquis: a multilingual aligned parallel corpus with 20+ languages. LREC-2006: Fifth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation. Proceedings, Genoa, Italy, 22-28 May 2006; pp.2142-2147 [PDF, 411KB]

(2005) José Vega, Benoît Lamey, & Jacques Vergne: MyCatex: a language-independent term extractor. Translating and the Computer 27: proceedings of the Twenty-seventh International Conference on Translating and the Computer, 24-25 November 2005, London. (London: Aslib, 2005); 10pp. [PDF, 179KB]

AdaBoost

(2008) Antonio L.Lagarda & Francisco Casacuberta: Applying boosting to statistical machine translation. EAMT 2008: 12th annual conference of the European Association for Machine Translation, September 22 & 23, 2008, Hamburg, Germany. Proceedings, ed. John Hutchins and Walther v.Hahn; pp.88-96. [PDF, 631KB]

Addicter

(2011) Dan Zeman, Mark Fishel, Jan Berka, & Ondřej Bojar: Addicter: what’s wrong with my translations? Sixth Machine Translation Marathon, 5-10 September 2011, Trento; Prague Bulletin of Mathematical Linguistics, no.96, October 2011; pp.79-88. [PDF, 276KB]; presentation, 20 slides [PDF of PPT, 359KB]

ADNOM

(1986) Patrick N.Chaffey: Translating administrative terminology using an Olivetti M24.  Translating and the Computer 8: a profession on the move, ed. Catriona Picken. Proceedings of a conference… 13-14 November 1986, CBI Conference Centre, Centre Point, London (London: Aslib, 1987); pp.95-104. [PDF, 68KB]

ADOMIT

(1996) I. Dan Melamed: Automatic detection of omissions in translations. Coling 1996: the 16th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1996, Center for Sprogteknologi, Copenhagen; pp. 764-769. [PDF, 566KB]

AER (Alignment Error Rate)

(2006) Necip Fazil Ayan & Bonnie J. Dorr: Going beyond AER: an extensive analysis of word alignments and their impact on MT. Coling-ACL 2006: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Computational Linguistics and 44th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Sydney, 17-21 July 2006; pp.9-16. [PDF, 274KB]

AGILE

(2001) Anthony Hartley, Donia Scott, John Bateman & Danail Dochev: AGILE - a system for multilingual generation of technical instructions. MT Summit VIII: Machine Translation in the Information Age, Proceedings, Santiago de Compostela, Spain, 18-22 September 2001; pp. 145-150. [PDF, 384KB]

AIDTRANS

(1988) Mary McGee Wood & Brian J.Chandler: Machine translation for monolinguals. Coling Budapest: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, 22-27 August 1988, John von Neumann Society for Computing Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; vol.2, pp.760-763. [PDF, 427KB]

(1987) F. Knowles, G. Jelinek & M. McGee Wood: The Alvey Japanese and English machine translation project.  MT Summit: Machine Translation Summit.  Manuscripts & Program, September 17-19, 1987, Hakone Prince Hotel, Japan; pp. 73-78 [PDF, 101KB] [Reprint as ‘Alvey project’ in: Makoto Nagao (ed.) Machine translation summit (Tokyo: Ohmsha, 1989), pp. 45-49]

ALEP

(1994)  Jörg Schütz: Terminological knowledge in multilingual language processing. International conference “Machine translation: ten years on” Proceedings ... held at Cranfield University, England, 12-14 November 1994 (Cranfield University Press, 1998) [PDF, 700KB]

(1993) Doug Arnold, Toni Badia, Josef van Genabith, Stella Markantonatou, Stefan Momma, Louisa Sadler, & Paul Schmidt: Experiments in reusability of grammatical resources. Sixth conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 21-23 April 1993, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; pp. 12-20. [PDF, 859KB]

ALEPH

(2009) Julien Gosme, Yves Lepage & Adrien Lardilleux: Translation of sublanguages by subgrammars. Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Example-Based Machine Translation, 12-13 November 2009, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland, ed. Mikel L. Forcada [and] Andy Way; pp.77-84. [PDF, 116KB]

(2007) Yves Lepage & Adrien Lardilleux: The GREYC machine translation system for the IWSLT 2007 evaluation campaign. IWSLT 2007: International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation, 15-16 October 2007, Trento, Italy. 7pp. [PDF, 312KB]; presentation [PDF, 584KB]

(2005) Yves Lepage & Etienne Denoual: ALEPH: an EBMT system based on the preservation of proportional analogies between sentences across langauges. International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation: Evaluation Campaign on Spoken Language Translation [IWSLT 2005], 24-25 October, 2005, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; 8pp. [PDF, 388KB]

AlethTR

(1996) Lee Humphreys: Use of linguistic resources like translation memories in machine translation systems. In: EAMT Workshop, Vienna, 29-30 August 1996. [PDF]

ALIBI

(2008) Sylwia Ozdowska: Cross-corpus evaluation of word alignment.  LREC 2008: 6th Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, Marrakech, Morocco, 26-30 May 2008; 5pp. [PDF, 63KB]

Alis Translation Solutions

(1998) Nathalie Côté: System description/demo of Alis Translation Solutions: overview. Machine translation and the information soup: third conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, AMTA '98, Langhorne, PA,USA, October 1998; ed. David Farwell, Laurie Gerber, Eduard Hovy (Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1998); pp.494-497. [go to publisher details]

(1998) Nathalie Côté: System description/demo of Alis Translation Solutions application: multilingual search and query expansion. Machine translation and the information soup: third conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, AMTA '98, Langhorne, PA,USA, October 1998; ed. David Farwell, Laurie Gerber, Eduard Hovy (Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1998); pp.522-525. [go to publisher details]

Alpnet

(2007) Deryle Lonsdale: From ALPS to Alpnet (and beyond). [priv.publ., January 2007]. 12pp. [PDF, 78KB]

ALPS

(2007) Deryle Lonsdale: From ALPS to Alpnet (and beyond). [priv.publ., January 2007]. 12pp. [PDF, 78KB]

(1991) Thomas Seal: Alpnet and TSS: the commercial realities of using a computer-based translation system.  Translating and the Computer 13: The Theory and Practice of Machine Translation – A Marriage of Convenience? Papers presented at a conference… 28-29 November 1991, CBI Conference Centre, London (London: Aslib, 1992); pp.119-125. [PDF, 46KB]

(1988) Mike Scott: The automated translation of software, particularly the computer user interface and user manuals.  Translating and the Computer 10:The translation environment 10 years on, ed. Pamela Mayorcas. Proceedings of a conference… 10-11 November 1988, CBI Conference Centre, Centre Point, London (London: Aslib, 1990); pp.109-118. [PDF, 85KB]

(1987) Cay-Holger Stoll: Translation tools on PC. Translating and the Computer 9: potential and practice, ed. Catriona Picken. Proceedings of a conference… 12-13 November 1987, CBI Conference Centre, Centre Point, London (London: Aslib, 1988); pp.11-26. [PDF, 71KB]

(1985) Patrick Corness: The ALPS computer-assisted translation system in an academic environment. Translating and the Computer 7, ed. Catriona Picken. Proceedings of a conference… 14-15 November 1985, CBI Conference Centre, London (London: Aslib, 1986); pp.118-127. [PDF,

(1984) Merle Tenney: ALPS. In: Product Forum. Translation and Communication: Translating and the Computer 6. Proceedings of a conference … 20-21 November 1984, The Waldorf Hotel, London; pp.121-122.

(1983) Russell Bateman: Introduction to interactive translation. Tools for the Trade: Translating and the Computer 5. Proceedings of a conference… 10-11 November 1983, London Press Centre, ed. Veronica Lawson. (London: Aslib, 1985); pp.193-197 [PDF, 21KB]

(1983) Merle D.Tenney: Machine translation, machine-aided translation, and machine-impeded translation.  Tools for the Trade: Translating and the Computer 5. Proceedings of a conference… 10-11 November 1983, London Press Centre, ed. Veronica Lawson. (London: Aslib, 1985); pp.105-113 [PDF, 38KB]

ALSBALT

(1996) Klaus Schubert: Accessing Internet-based business communication services in your own language : outline of an R&D report for small enterprises.  Translating and the Computer 18. Papers from the Aslib conference held on 14 & 15 November 1996 (London: Aslib, 1996); 7pp. [PDF, 95KB]

ALT

(2005) Hideharu Nakajima, Yoshiro Matsuo, Masaaki Nagata, & Kuniko Saito: Portable translator capable of recognizing characters on signboard and menu captured by built-in camera.  ACL-2005: Interactive Poster and Demonstration Sessions, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, June 2005; pp. 61-64. [PDF, 251KB]

(2004) Sanae Fujita & Francis Bond: An automatic method of creating valency entries using plain bilingual dictionaries; TMI-2004: proceedings of the Tenth Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, October 4-6, 2004, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; pp.55-64. [PDF, 147KB]

(2004) Sanae Fujita & Francis Bond: A method of creating new bilingual valency entries using alternations.  Coling 2004: Proceedings of the Workshop on Multilingual Linguistic Resources (MLR2004), August 28th 2004, University of Geneva, Switzerland; pp.47-54. [PDF, 176KB]

(2003) Francis Bond & Sanae Fujita: Evaluation of a method of creating new valency entries MT Summit IX, New Orleans, USA, 23-27 September 2003 [PDF, 108KB]

(2002) Timothy Baldwin and Francis Bond: Alternation-based lexicon reconstruction. TMI-2002 conference, Keihanna, Japan, March 13-17, 2002. [PDF, 187KB]

(2001) Minoru Hayashi, Setsuo Yamada, Akira Kataoka & Akio Yokoo: ALT-J/C: a prototype Japanese-to-Chinese automatic language translation system. MT Summit VIII: Machine Translation in the Information Age, Proceedings, Santiago de Compostela, Spain, 18-22 September 2001; pp. 157-162. [PDF, 420KB]

(1999) Timothy Baldwin, Francis Bond & Ben Hutchinson: A valency dictionary architecture for machine translation.  Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation (TMI 99), August 23-25, 1999, University College, Chester, England; pp. 207-217 [PDF, 261KB]

(1999) Hiromi Nakaiwa & Kayo Seki: Automatic addition of verbal semantic attributes to a Japanese-to-English valency transfer dictionary.  Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation (TMI 99), August 23-25, 1999, University College, Chester, England; pp. 185-195 [PDF, 231KB]

(1999) Kentaro Ogura, Francis Bond, & Yoshifumi Ooyama: ALT-J/M: a prototype Japanese-to-Malay translation system.  Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp. 444-448. [PDF, 199KB]

(1999) Hajime Uchino, Yoshifumi Ooyama, & Osamu Furuse: ALTFLASH: a Japanese-to-English machine translation system for market flash reports.  Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp. 438-443. [PDF, 255KB]

(1998) Francis Bond, Daniela Kurz, & Satoshi Shirai: Anchoring floating quantifiers in Japanese-to-English machine translation.  Coling-ACL ’98: 36th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 17th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, August 10-14, 1998, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; pp. 152-159. [PDF, 675KB]

(1997) Francis Bond, Kentaro Ogura, & Hajime Uchino: Temporal expressions in Japanese-to-English machine translation. TMI-97: proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, July 23-25, 1997, St.John’s College, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA; pp.55-62. [PDF, 199KB]

(1997) Hiromi Nakaiwa: Automatic extraction of rules for anaphora resolution of Japanese zero pronouns from aligned sentence pairs.  Operational factors in practical, robust anlphora resolution for unrestricted texts. Proceedings of a workshop [at ACL-EACL-1997] ed. by Ruslan Mitkov and Branimir Boguraev, 11 July 1997, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain; pp.22-29. [PDF, 724KB]

(1997) Hiromi Nakaiwa: Automatic identification of zero pronouns and their antecedents within aligned sentence pairs. Fifth workshop on Very Large Corpora. Proceedings ed. Joe Zhou and Kenneth Church, 18 August 1997, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 20 August 1997, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong; pp.127-141. [PDF, 959KB]

(1997) Kentaro Ogura, Satoshi Shirai, & Francis Bond: English adverb processing in Japanese-to-English machine translation. TMI-97: proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, July 23-25, 1997, St.John’s College, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA; pp.95-102. [PDF, 173KB]

(1996) Francis Bond, Kentaro Ogura, & Satoru Ikehara: Classifiers in Japanese-to-English machine translation. Coling 1996: the 16th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1996, Center for Sprogteknologi, Copenhagen; pp. 125-130. [PDF, 524KB]

(1996) Hiromi Nakaiwa & Satoshi Shirai: Anaphora resolution of Japanese zero pronouns with deictic reference. Coling 1996: the 16th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1996, Center for Sprogteknologi, Copenhagen; pp. 1090-1093. [PDF, 574KB]

(1995) Yasuhiro Akiba, Megumi Ishii, Hussein Almuallim, & Shigeo Kaneda: Learning English verb selection rules from hand-made rules and translation examples. TMI-95: proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, July 5-7, 1995, Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium; pp.206-220. [PDF, 537KB]

(1995) Francis Bond, Kentaro Ogura,& Tsukasa Kawaoka: Noun phrase reference in Japanese to English machine translation. TMI-95: proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, July 5-7, 1995, Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium; pp.1-14. [PDF, 203KB]

(1995) Setsuo Yamada, Hiromi Nakaiwa, Kentaro Ogura & Satoru Ikehara: A method for automatically adapting an MT system to different domains. TMI-95: proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, July 5-7, 1995, Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium; pp.303-310. [PDF, 189KB]

(1994) Hussein Almuallim, Yasuhiro Akiba, Takefumi Yamazaki, Akio Yokoo, & Shigeo Kaneda: Two methods for learning ALT-J/E translation rules from examples and a semantic hierarchy.  Coling 1994: the 15th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1994, Kyoto, Japan; pp. 57-63. [PDF, 529KB]

(1994) Francis Bond, Kentaro Ogura, & Satoru Ikehara: Countability and number in Japanese to English machine translation. Coling 1994: the 15th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1994, Kyoto, Japan; pp. 32-38. [PDF, 501KB]

(1994) Satoru Ikehara, Satoshi Shirai, Akio Yokoo, Francis Bond, & Yoshie Omi: Automatic acquisition of semantic attributes for user defined words in Japanese to English machine translation.  Fourth conference on Applied Natural Language Processing [of] Association for Computational Linguistics. Proceedings of the conference, 13-15 October 1994, Stuttgart, Germany;  pp.184-85. [PDF, 210KB]

(1993) Satoshi Shirai, Satoru Ikehara & Tsukasa Kawaoka: Effects of automatic rewriting of source language within a Japanese to English MT system. TMI-93: The Fifth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, Kyoto, Japan, July 14-16, 1993: Proceedings; pp. 226-239. [PDF, 664KB]

(1991) Satoru Ikehara, Satoshi Shirai, Akio Yokoo, & Hiromi Nakaiwa: Toward an MT system without pre-editing – effects of new methods in ALT-J/E.  MT Summit III.  Proceedings, July 1-4, 1991, Washington, DC, USA; pp. 101-106 [PDF, 449KB] [Revised reprint in: Sergei Nirenburg (ed.) Progress in machine translation (Amsterdam, Oxford, Washington, DC: IOS Press; Tokyo: Ohmsha, 1993), pp. 161-169]

(1989) exhibitors at MT Summit II, August 16-18, 1989, Munich, Germany [Frankfurt a.M.: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Dokumentations e.V.]; 2nd ed.: pp.13-28.[PDF, 271KB]

AltaVista

(2000) Sharon Flank: Cross-language multimedia information retrieval.  ANLP-NAACL-2000: proceedings of the Sixth conference on Applied Natural Language Processing and 1st Meeting of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, April 29 – May 4, 2000, Seattle, Washington; pp.13-20. [PDF, 991KB]

(1998) Jin Yang & Elke D. Lange: SYSTRAN on AltaVista: a user study on real-time machine translation on the Internet. Machine translation and the information soup: third conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, AMTA '98, Langhorne, PA,USA, October 1998; ed. David Farwell, Laurie Gerber, Eduard Hovy (Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1998); pp.275-285. [go to publisher details]

ALTFLASH

(1999) Hajime Uchino, Yoshifumi Ooyama, & Osamu Furuse: ALTFLASH: a Japanese-to-English machine translation system for market flash reports.  Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp. 438-443. [PDF, 255KB]

Amalgam

(2004) Eric Ringger, Michael Gamon, Robert C.Moore, David Rojas, Martine Smets, & Simon Corston-Oliver: Linguistically informed statistical models of constituent structure for ordering in sentence realization.  Coling 2004: 20th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, 23-27 August 2004, University of Geneva, Switzerland, Proceedings; 7pp. [PDF, 116KB]

(2003) Martine Smets, Michael Gamon, Simon Corston-Oliver & Eric Ringger: The adaptation of a machine-learned sentence realization system to French. EACL 2003: 10th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, April 12-17, 2003, Budapest, Hungary. Proceedings; pp.323-330 [PDF, 373KB]

(1997) Roger Harris: The AMALGAM parts-of-speech tagger. In: Machine Translation Review, issue 5: April 1997; pp.6-9.

AMBER

(2011) Boxing Chen & Roland Kuhn: AMBER: a modified BLEU, enhanced ranking metric. [WMT 2011] Proceedings of the 6th Workshop on Statistical Machine Translation, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK, July 30-31, 2011; pp.71-77. [PDF, 148KB]

AMETRA

(2003) Daniel Ortíz, Ismael García-Varea, Francisco Casacuberta, Antonio Lagarda, & Jorge González: On the use of statistical machine-translation techniques within a memory-based translation system (AMETRA) MT Summit IX, New Orleans, USA, 23-27 September 2003; pp.299-306. [PDF, 88KB]

AMPAR

(2000) Jurij N. Marčuk: Machine translation: early years in the USSR. In: W.John Hutchins (ed.) Early years in machine translation: memoirs and biographies of pioneers (Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2000); pp.243-251.

AnglaBharti

(2005) R. Mahesh K. Sinha: Integrating CAT and MT in AnglaBhart-II architecture. 10th EAMT conference "Practical applications of machine translation", 30-31 May 2005, Budapest; pp. 235-244. [PDF, 205KB]

(1999) Hemant Darbari: Computer-assisted translation system – an Indian perspective.  Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp.80-85. [PDF, 132KB]

AnglaHindi 

(2003) R.M.K. Sinha & A. Jain: AnglaHindi: an English to Hindi machine-aided translation system MT Summit IX, New Orleans, USA, 23-27 September 2003; pp.494-497. [PDF, 123KB]

ANTHEM

(1996) G.Deville, E.Herbigniaux, P.Mousel, G.Thienpont & M.Wéry: System demonstration: ANTHEM:advanced natural language interface for multilingual text generation in healthcare (LRE 62-007). Expanding MT horizons: Proceedings of the Second Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, 2-5 October 1996, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (Washington, DC: AMTA); pp.240-243 [PDF, 86KB]

(1995) Guy Deville & Emmanuel Herbignaux: Natural language modeling in a machine translation prototype for healthcare applications: a sublanguage approach. TMI-95: proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, July 5-7, 1995, Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium; pp.142-157. [PDF, 241KB]

(1995) O.Streiter & A.Schmidt-Wigger: 'The integration of linguistic and domain specific knowledge: CAT2 within ANTHEM', in: MT News International no.11, May 1995

(1994) G.Deville, E. Herbigniaux, P. Mousel & G. Thienpont: Reengineering linguistic resources for machine translation in medical applications. Technology partnerships for crossing the language barrier: Proceedings of the First Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas,5-8 October, Columbia, Maryland, USA. [Washington, DC: AMTA]; pp. 24-31 [PDF, 142KB]

ANTS

(2011) Sylvain Raybaud, David Langlois, & Kamel Smaïli: Broadcast news speech-to-text translation experiments. MT Summit XIII: the Thirteenth Machine Translation Summit [organized by the] Asia-Pacific Association for Machine Translation (AAMT), 19-23 September 2011, Xiamen, China; pp.378-381. [PDF, 64KB]

Anusaaraka

(2009) Amba Kulkarni: Anusaaraka: an accessor cum machine translator [abstract]. Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Free/Open-Source Rule-Based Machine Translation, 2-3 November 2009, Universitat d’Alacant, Alacant, Spain; ed. Juan Antonio Pérez-Ortiz, Felipe Sánchez-Martínez, Francis M.Tyers; pp. 1.

(1999) Hemant Darbari: Computer-assisted translation system – an Indian perspective.  Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp.80-85. [PDF, 132KB]

(1997) Akshar Bharati, Vineet Chaitanya, Amba P. Kulkarni, & Rajeev Sangal: Anusaaraka: machine translation in stages. Vivek: a Quarterly in Artificial Intelligence, vol.10, no.3, July 1997, pp.22-25. [PDF, 36KB]

APAC32

(1988) Zdeněk Kirschner: Traditional means in machine translation. Coling Budapest: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, 22-27 August 1988, John von Neumann Society for Computing Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; vol.1, pp.328-331. [PDF, 333KB]

(1987) Eva Hajičova & Zdeněk Kirschner: Fail-soft (“emergency”) measures in a production-oriented MT system.  Third conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 1-3 April 1987, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; pp. 104-108. [PDF, 308KB]

Apertium

(2011) Martha Dís Brandt, Hrafn Loftsson, Hlynur Sigurþórsson, & Francis M.Tyers: Apertium-IceNLP: a rule-based Icelandic to English machine translation system. [EAMT 2011]: proceedings of the 15th conference of the European Association for Machine Translation, 30-31 May 2011, Leuven, Belgium; eds. Mikel L.Forcada, Heidi Depraetere, Vincent Vandeghinste; pp.217-224. [PDF, 332KB]; presentation, 29 slides [PDF]

(2011) Xavier Ivars-Ribes & Victor M.Sánchez-Cartagena: A widely used machine translation service and its migration to a free/open-source solution: the case of Softcatalà. Proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Free/Open-Source Rule-Based Machine Translation, Barcelona, Spain, January 20-21, 2011, ed. F.Sánchez-Martínez and J.A.Pérez-Ortiz; pp.61-68. [PDF, 385KB]

(2011) Sergio Ortiz Rojas & Santiago Cortés Vaíllo: Using Apertium linguistic data for tokenization to improve Moses SMT performance. [LIHMT] International Workshop on Using Linguistic Information for Hybrid Machine Translation, 18th November 2011, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona; pp.29-34. [PDF, 282KB]

(2011) Pim Otte & Francis M.Tyers: Rapid rule-based machine translation between Dutch and Afrikaans. [EAMT 2011]: proceedings of the 15th conference of the European Association for Machine Translation, 30-31 May 2011, Leuven, Belgium; eds. Mikel L.Forcada, Heidi Depraetere, Vincent Vandeghinste; pp.153-160. [PDF, 317KB]

(2011) Joanna Ruth & Jimmy O’Regan: Shallow-transfer rule-based machine translation from Czech to Polish. Proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Free/Open-Source Rule-Based Machine Translation, Barcelona, Spain, January 20-21, 2011, ed. F.Sánchez-Martínez and J.A.Pérez-Ortiz; pp.69-76. [PDF, 157KB]

(2011) Victor M.Sánchez-Cartagena, Felipe Sánchez-Martínez, & Juan Antonio Pérez-Ortiz: The Universitat d’Alacant hybrid machine translation system for WMT 2011. [WMT 2011] Proceedings of the 6th Workshop on Statistical Machine Translation, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK, July 30-31, 2011; pp.457-463. [PDF, 127KB]

(2011) Antonio Toral & Andy Way: Automatic acquisition of named entities for rule-based machine translation.  Proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Free/Open-Source Rule-Based Machine Translation, Barcelona, Spain, January 20-21, 2011, ed. F.Sánchez-Martínez and J.A.Pérez-Ortiz; pp.37-43. [PDF, 151KB]

(2011) Antonio Toral, Mireia Ginestí-Rosell, & Francis Tyers: An Italian to Catalan RBMT system reusing data from existing language pairs. Proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Free/Open-Source Rule-Based Machine Translation, Barcelona, Spain, January 20-21, 2011, ed. F.Sánchez-Martínez and J.A.Pérez-Ortiz; pp.77-81. [PDF, 161KB]

(2011) Arnaud Vié, Luis Villarejo Muñoz, Mireia Farrús Cabeceran, & Jimmy O’Regan: Apertium advanced web interface: a first step towards interactivity and language tools convergence. Proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Free/Open-Source Rule-Based Machine Translation, Barcelona, Spain, January 20-21, 2011, ed. F.Sánchez-Martínez and J.A.Pérez-Ortiz; pp.45-51. [PDF, 280KB]

(2010) Mikel L.Forcada: Apertium: free/open-source rule-based machine translation. Presentation at Fourth Machine Translation Marathon “Open Source Tools for Machine Translation”, 29 January, Dublin, Ireland; 38 slides. [PDF of PPT, 152KB]

(2010) Mikel L.Forcada, Boyan Ivanov Bonev, Sergio Ortiz Rojas, Juan Antonio Pérez Ortiz, Gema Ramírez Sánchez, Felipe Sánchez Martínez, Carme Armentano-Oller, Marco A.Montava, & Francis M.Tyers: Documentation of the open-source shallow-transfer machine translation platform Apertium; ed. Mireia Ginestí Rosell. Departament de Llenguatges i Sistemes Informàtics, Universitat d’Alacant, March 10, 2010; 214pp. [PDF, 700KB]

(2010) Mikel L.Forcada: Free/open-source machine translation: the Apertium platform. Translingual Europe 2010, Hotel Maritim, Berlin, Germany, Monday June 7th 2010; 17pp. [PDF, 105KB]

(2010) François Masselot, Petra Ribiczey, & Gema Ramírez-Sánchez: Using the Apertium Spanish-Brazilian Portuguese machine translation system for localization. EAMT 2010: Proceedings of the 14th Annual conference of the European Association for Machine Translation, 27-28 May 2010, Saint-Raphaël, France. Proceedings ed.Viggo Hansen and François Yvon; 8pp. [PDF, 577KB]; presentation: 23 slides [PDF, 569KB]

(2010) Sergio Penkale, Rejwanul Haque, Sandipan Dandapat, Pratyush Banerjee, Ankit K.Srivastava, Jinhua Du, Pavel Pecina, Sudip Kumar Naskar, Mikel L.Forcada, & Andy Way: MaTrEx: the DCU MT system for WMT 2010.  ACL 2010: Joint Fifth Workshop on Statistical Machine Translation and MetricsMATR. Proceedings of the workshop, 15-16 July 2010, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; pp. 143-148. [PDF, 535KB]

(2010) Víctor M.Sánchez-Cartagena & Juan Antonio Pérez-Ortiz: Tradubi: open-source social translation for the Apertium machine translation platform. Fourth Machine Translation Marathon “Open Source Tools for Machine Translation”, 25-30 January, Dublin, Ireland; Prague Bulletin of Mathematical Linguistics, no.93, January 2010; pp.47-56. [PDF, 223KB]

(2010) Víctor M.Sánchez-Cartagena & Juan Antonio Pérez-Ortiz : ScaleMT : a free/open-source framework for building scalable machine translation web services. Fourth Machine Translation Marathon “Open Source Tools for Machine Translation”, 25-30 January, Dublin, Ireland; Prague Bulletin of Mathematical Linguistics, no.93, January 2010; pp.97-106. [PDF, 140KB]

(2010) Francis M.Tyers, Felipe Sánchez-Martínez, Sergio Ortiz-Rojas, & Mikel L.Forcada: Free/open-source resources in the Apertium platform for machine translation research and development. Fourth Machine Translation Marathon “Open Source Tools for Machine Translation”, 25-30 January, Dublin, Ireland; Prague Bulletin of Mathematical Linguistics, no.93, January 2010; pp.67-76. [PDF, 116KB]

(2010) Jernej Vičič & Petr Homola: Speeding up the implementation process of a shallow transfer machine translation system. EAMT 2010: Proceedings of the 14th Annual conference of the European Association for Machine Translation, 27-28 May 2010, Saint-Raphaël, France. Proceedings ed.Viggo Hansen and François Yvon; 8pp. [PDF, 624KB]

(2009) Mikel L.Forcada, Francis M.Tyers, & Gema Ramírez-Sánchez: The Apertium machine translation platform: five years on. Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Free/Open-Source Rule-Based Machine Translation, 2-3 November 2009, Universitat d’Alacant, Alacant, Spain; ed. Juan Antonio Pérez-Ortiz, Felipe Sánchez-Martínez, Francis M.Tyers; pp. 3-10. [PDF, 253KB]

(2009) Pasquale Minervini: Apertium goes SOA: an efficient and scalable service based on the Apertium rule-based machine translation platform. Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Free/Open-Source Rule-Based Machine Translation, 2-3 November 2009, Universitat d’Alacant, Alacant, Spain; ed. Juan Antonio Pérez-Ortiz, Felipe Sánchez-Martínez, Francis M.Tyers; pp. 59-65. [PDF, 236KB]

(2009) Victor M.Sánchez-Cartagena & Juan Antonio Pérez-Ortiz: An open-source highly scalable web service architecture for the Apertium machine translation engine. Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Free/Open-Source Rule-Based Machine Translation, 2-3 November 2009, Universitat d’Alacant, Alacant, Spain; ed. Juan Antonio Pérez-Ortiz, Felipe Sánchez-Martínez, Francis M.Tyers; pp. 51-58. [PDF, 240KB]

(2009) Felipe Sánchez-Martínez, Mikel L. Forcada, & Andy Way: Hybrid rule-based – example-based MT: feeding Apertium with sub-sentential translation units. Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Example-Based Machine Translation, 12-13 November 2009, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland, ed. Mikel L. Forcada [and] Andy Way; pp.11-18. [PDF, 150KB]; presentation [PDF of PPT, 192KB]

(2009) Felipe Sánchez-Martínez & Mikel L.Forcada: Inferring shallow-transfer machine translation rules from small parallel corpora. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 34, pp. 605-635. [PDF, 706KB]

(2009) Zaid Md Abdul Wahab Sheikh & Felipe Sánchez-Martínez: A trigram part-of-speech tagger for the Apertium free/open-source machine translation platform. Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Free/Open-Source Rule-Based Machine Translation, 2-3 November 2009, Universitat d’Alacant, Alacant, Spain; ed. Juan Antonio Pérez-Ortíz, Felipe Sánchez-Martínez, Francis M.Tyers; pp. 67-74. [PDF, 227KB]

(2009) Francis M. Tyers & Kevin Donnelly: apertium-cy: a collaboratively-developed RBMT system for Welsh to English. Prague Bulletin of Mathematical Linguistics 91, 2009; pp.57-66. [PDF, 134KB]  [presentation at MT Marathon 2009, 1376KB]

(2009) Francis M.Tyers & Jacob Nordfalk: Shallow-transfer rule-based machine translation for Swedish to Danish. Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Free/Open-Source Rule-Based Machine Translation, 2-3 November 2009, Universitat d’Alacant, Alacant, Spain; ed. Juan Antonio Pérez-Ortiz, Felipe Sánchez-Martínez, Francis M.Tyers; pp. 27-33. [PDF, 178KB]

(2009) Francis M.Tyers, Linda Wiechetek, & Trond Trosterud: Developing prototypes for machine translation between two Sámi languages. EAMT-2009: Proceedings of the 13th Annual Conference of the European Association for Machine Translation, ed. Lluís Màrquez and Harold Somers, 14-15 May 2009, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; pp.120-127. [PDF, 340KB]

(2009) Kevin Unhammer & Trond Trosterud: Reuse of free resources in machine translation between Nynorsk and Bokmål. Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Free/Open-Source Rule-Based Machine Translation, 2-3 November 2009, Universitat d’Alacant, Alacant, Spain; ed. Juan Antonio Pérez-Ortiz, Felipe Sánchez-Martínez, Francis M.Tyers; pp. 35-42. [PDF, 219KB]

(2009) Luis Villarejo Muñoz, Sergio Ortiz Rojas, & Mireia Ginestí Rosell: Joint efforts to further develop and incorporate Apertium into the document management flow at Universitat Oberta de Catalunya. Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Free/Open-Source Rule-Based Machine Translation, 2-3 November 2009, Universitat d’Alacant, Alacant, Spain; ed. Juan Antonio Pérez-Ortíz, Felipe Sánchez-Martínez, Francis M.Tyers; pp. 75-82. [PDF, 270KB]

(2008) Petr Homola & Vladislav Kuboň: Improving machine translation between closely related Romance languages . EAMT 2008: 12th annual conference of the European Association for Machine Translation, September 22 & 23, 2008, Hamburg, Germany. Proceedings, ed. John Hutchins and Walther v.Hahn; pp.72-77. [PDF, 527KB]

(2007) Felipe Sánchez-Martínez & Mikel L.Forcada: Automatic induction of shallow-transfer rules for open-source machine translation. TMI-2007: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, Skövde [Sweden], 7-9 September 2007; pp.181-190 [PDF, 336KB]; poster [PDF, 29KB]

(2007) Felipe Sánchez-Martínez, Juan Antonio Pérez-Ortiz, & Mikel L. Forcada: Integrating corpus-based and rule-based approaches in an open-source machine translation system. METIS-II Workshop: New Approaches to Machine Translation, Centre for Computational Linguistics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium, 11 January 2007; 10pp. [PDF, 180KB]

(2007) Jernej Vicic: Rapid development of RBMT systems for related languages. Translating and the Computer 29. Proceedings of the twenty-ninth international conference on Translating and the Computer, 29-30 November 2007 (London: Aslib, 2007); 12pp. [PDF, 154KB]

(2006) Carme Armentano i Oller & Mikel L. Forcada: Open-source machine translation between small languages: Catalan and Aranese Occitan.  LREC-2006: Fifth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation. 5th SALTMIL Workshop on Minority Languages: “Strategies for developing machine translation for minority languages”, Genoa, Italy, 23 May 2006; pp.51-54. [PDF, 62KB]

(2006) Gema Ramírez-Sánchez, Felipe Sánchez-Martínez, Sergio Ortiz-Rojas, Juan Antonio Pérez-Ortiz & Mikel L.Forcada: Opentrad Apertium open-source machine translation system: an opportunity for business and research. Translating and the Computer 28: proceedings of the Twenty-eighth International Conference on Translating and the Computer, 16-17 November 2006, London. (London: Aslib, 2006); 15pp. [PDF, 145KB]

Appraise

(2010) Christian Federmann: Appraise: an open-source toolkit for manual phrase-based evaluation of translations. LREC 2010: proceedings of the  seventh international conference on Language Resources and Evaluation, 17-23 May 2010, Valletta, Malta; pp.1731-1734. [PDF, 368KB]

APT

(2010) Evgeny Matusov & Selçuk Köprü: AppTek’s APT machine translation system for IWSLT 2010. Proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation, 2-3 December 2010, Paris, France; pp.29-36. [PDF, 336KB]

APTrans

(2007) Svetlana Sheremetyeva: On portability of resources for a quick ramp up of multilingual MT of patent claims. MT Summit XI Workshop on patent translation, 11 September 2007, Copenhagen, Denmark; pp.28-33. [PDF, 66KB]

(2006) Svetlana Sheremetyeva: Handling low translatability in machine translation of long sentences. EAMT-2006: 11th Annual Conference of the European Association for Machine Translation, June 19-20, 2006, Oslo, Norway. Proceedings; p.105-114 [PDF, 745KB]

(2005) Svetlana Sheremetyeva: “Less, easier and quicker” in language acquisition for patent MT MT Summit X, Phuket, Thailand, September 16, 2005, Proceedings of Workshop on Patent Translation; pp.35-42. [PDF, 269KB]

ARCADE

(1998) Philippe Langlais, Michel Simard, & Jean Véronis: Methods and practical issues in evaluating alignment techniques. Coling-ACL ’98: 36th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 17th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, August 10-14, 1998, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; pp. 711-717. [PDF, 673KB]

(1998) Ph.Langlais, M.Simard, J.Véronis, S.Armstrong, P.Bonhomme, F.Debili, P.Isabelle, E.Souissi, & P.Théron: ARCADE: a cooperative research project on parallel text alignment evaluation. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.289-292. [PDF, 60KB]

Arcade II

(2011) Nasredine Semmar & Dhouha Bouamor: A new hybrid machine translation approach using cross-language information retrieval and only target text corpora. [LIHMT] International Workshop on Using Linguistic Information for Hybrid Machine Translation, 18th November 2011, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona; pp.75-79. [PDF, 898KB]

ArchTran

(1992) Keh-Yih Su & Jing-Shin Chang: Why corpus-based statistics-oriented machine translation Fourth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation (TMI-92), Empiricist vs. rationalist methods in MT, June 25-27, 1992, Montreal, CCRIT-CWARC; pp.249-262. [PDF, 328KB]

(1991) Shu-Chuan Chen, Jing-Shin Chang, Jong-Nae Wang, & Keh-Yih Su: ArchTran: a corpus-based statistics-oriented English-Chinese machine translation system.  MT Summit III.  Proceedings, July 1-4, 1991, Washington, DC, USA; pp. 33-40 [PDF, 659KB] [Revised reprint in: Sergei Nirenburg (ed.) Progress in machine translation (Amsterdam, Oxford, Washington, DC: IOS Press; Tokyo: Ohmsha, 1993), pp. 87-98]

Argo

(1993) CSK. Language Industry Monitor, issue no.17, September-October 1993; pp.11-12. [PDF, 84KB]

ARIANE

(2002) Etienne Blanc, Gilles Sérasset, & WangJu Tsai: Structural and lexical transfer from an UNL graph to an equivalent natural language dependency tree. LREC-2002: Third International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation. Workshop: First international workshop on UNL, other interlinguas and their applications, Las Palmas Canary Islands, 27 May 2002; pp.14-18. [PDF, 53KB]

(2000) Etienne Blanc: From the UNL hypergraph to GETA’s multilevel tree. MT2000: machine translation and multilingual applications in the new millennium: international conference at the University of Exeter, 20-22 November 2000, organised by the British Computer Society. [London: BCS]; 9pp. [PDF, 1671KB]

(1999) Gilles Sérasset & Christian Boitet: UNL-French deconversion as transfer & generation from an interlingua with possible quality enhancement through offline human interaction. Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp. 220-228. [PDF, 259KB]

(1994) A moving target. Language Industry Monitor, issue no.23, September-October 1994; pp.8-9. [PDF, 80KB]

(1992) J.-J.Pérot: Eurolang project (European languages).  Translating and the Computer 14: Quality Standards and the Implementation of Technology in Translation. Papers presented at a conference… 10-11 November 1992, CBI Conference Centre, London (London: Aslib, 1992); pp.103-106. [PDF, 30KB]

(1992) Eurolang: a new runner in the MT race. Language Industry Monitor, issue no.7, January-February 1992; pp.4-5. [PDF, 98KB]

(1991) Andrew Joscelyne: Full tilt into industrial NLP for SITE. Language Industry Monitor, issue no.1, January-February 1991; pp.6-7. [PDF, 83KB]

(1991) Brigitte Roudaud: A procedure for the evaluation and improvement of an MT system by the end-user.  Proceedings of the Evaluators’ Forum, April 21st – 24th, 1991, Les Rasses, Vaud, Switzerland, ed. Kirsten Falkedal. (Geneva: ISSCO); pp. 129-142. [PDF, 180KB]

(1990) Zaharin Yusoff: Generation of synthesis programs in ROBRA (ARIANE) from string-tree correspondence grammars (or a strategy for synthesis in machine translation. Coling-90: Papers presented to the 13th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Helsinki, 20-25 August 1990; ed. Hans Karlgren; vol.2, pp. 425-430. [PDF, 536KB]

(1989) Ch.Boitet: Current projects at GETA on or about machine translation. In: J.A.Campbell and J.Cuena (eds.) Perspectives in artificial intelligence, vol.II: machine translation, NLP, databases and computer-aided instruction (Chichester: Ellis Horwood, 1989); pp.48-73. [PDF, 198KB]

(1989) K. Sophonpanich & P. Thajchayapong: Thailand. In section on Political strategies in machine translation, in: Makoto Nagao (ed.) Machine translation summit (Tokyo: Ohmsha, 1989), pp. 175-176 [PDF, 85KB]

(1989) Zaharin Yusoff: On formalisms and analysis, generation and synthesis in machine translation.  Fourth conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 10-12 April 1989, University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology, Manchester, England; pp. 319-326. [PDF, 587KB]

(1988) Rémi Zajac: Interactive translation: a new approach. Coling Budapest: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, 22-27 August 1988, John von Neumann Society for Computing Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; vol.2, pp.785-790. [PDF, 373KB]

(1987) Ch. Boitet: Current state and future outlook of the research at GETA.  MT Summit: Machine Translation Summit.  Manuscripts & Program, September 17-19, 1987, Hakone Prince Hotel, Japan; pp. 26-35 [PDF, 173KB] [Reprint in: Makoto Nagao (ed.) Machine translation summit (Tokyo: Ohmsha, 1989), pp. 54-65]

(1986) Christian Boitet: Current machine translation systems developed with GETA’s methodology and software tools.  Translating and the Computer 8: a profession on the move, ed. Catriona Picken. Proceedings of a conference… 13-14 November 1986, CBI Conference Centre, Centre Point, London (London: Aslib, 1987); pp.114-132. [PDF, 169KB]

(1986)Tong Loong-Cheong: English-Malay translation system: a laboratory prototype. Coling ’86: 11th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, August 25th to 29th, 1986, University of Bonn, [Germany]. Proceedings; pp. 639-642. [PDF, 410KB]

(1986) Rémi Zajac: SCSL: a linguistic specification language for MT. Coling ’86: 11th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, August 25th to 29th, 1986, University of Bonn, [Germany]. Proceedings; pp. 393-398. [PDF, 414KB]

(1985) Ch. Boitet, P. Guillaume, & M. Quezel-Ambrunaz: A case study in software evolution: from Ariane-78.4 to Ariane-85.  Proceedings of the Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural Languages, Colgate University, Hamilton, New York, August 14-16, 1985 [TMI-1985]; pp. 27-58. [PDF, 340KB] [abstract, 2pp.]

(1985) R. Gerber & Ch. Boitet: On the design of expert systems grafted on MT systems.  Proceedings of the Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural Languages, Colgate University, Hamilton, New York, August 14-16, 1985 [TMI-1985]; pp. 116-134. [PDF, 690KB]

(1985) Bernard Vauquois & Christian Boitet: Automated translation at Grenoble University.  Computational Linguistics 11 (1), pp. 28-36 [PDF, 983KB] [Reprinted in: Jonathan Slocum (ed.) Machine translation systems. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988; pp. 85-110.]

(1984) Daniel Bachut & Nelson Verastegui: Software tools for the environment of a computer aided translation system. Coling84: 10th International Conference on Computational Linguistics & 22nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 2-6 July 1984, Stanford University, California. Proceedings; pp.330-333. [PDF, 244KB]

(1982) Ch.Boitet, P.Guillaume, & M.Quezel-Ambrunaz: Implementation and conversational environment of ARIANE 78.4: an integrated system for automated translation and human revision. Coling 82: proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Prague, July 5-10, 1982; edited by Ján Horecký. Amsterdam, New York, Oxford: North-Holland Publishing Company, 1982 (North-Holland Linguistics Series 47); pp. 19-27. [PDF, 434KB]

(1982) Jun-ichi Tsujii: The transfer phase in an English-Japanese translation system. Coling 82: proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Prague, July 5-10, 1982; edited by Ján Horecký. Amsterdam, New York, Oxford: North-Holland Publishing Company, 1982 (North-Holland Linguistics Series 47); pp. 383-390. [PDF, 462KB]

(1980) Ch.Boitet & N.Nedobejkine: Russian-French at GETA: outline of the method and detailed example. Coling 80: proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Sept.30 – Oct.4, 1980, Tokyo; pp. 437-446. [PDF, 650KB]

ARIS

(1989) exhibitors at MT Summit II, August 16-18, 1989, Munich, Germany [Frankfurt a.M.: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Dokumentations e.V.]; 2nd ed.: pp.13-28.[PDF, 271KB]

ASCOF

(1986) Axel Biewer, Christian Féneyrol, Johannes Ritzke, & Erwin Stegentritt: ASCOF – a modular multilevel system for French-German translation. International Conference on the State of the Art in Machine Translation in America, Asia and Europe. Proceedings of IAI-MT86, 20-22 August 1986, Bürgerhaus, Dudweiler; pp.267-281. [PDF, 90KB]

(1985) Axel Biewer, Christian Féneyrol, Johannes Ritzke & Erwin Stegentritt: ASCOF -- a modular multilevel system for French-German translation.  Computational Linguistics 11 (2-3), pp. 137-154 [PDF, 1339KB] [Reprinted in: Jonathan Slocum (ed.) Machine translation systems. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988; pp. 49-84.]

AsiaOnline

(2010) Kirti Vashee: AsiaOnline: company & technology overview. Translingual Europe 2010, Hotel Maritim, Berlin, Germany, Monday June 7th 2010; 23pp. [PDF, 6645KB]

(2010) Kirti Vashee & Rustin Gibbs: Scenarios for customizing an SMT engine based on availability of data. AMTA 2010: the Ninth conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, Denver, Colorado, October 31 – November 4, 2010; 4pp. [PDF, 153KB]

Asiya

(2010) Jesús Giménez & Lluís Màrquez: Asiya: an open toolkit for automatic machine translation (meta-)evaluation. Fifth Machine Translation Marathon, 13-18 September, University of Le Mans; Prague Bulletin of Mathematical Linguistics, no.94, September 2010; pp.77-86. [PDF, 271KB]; presentation [PDF, 299KB]

ASSIST

(2007) Bogdan Babych, Anthony Hartley, & Serge Sharoff: A dynamic dictionary for discovering indirect translation equivalents.  Translating and the Computer 29. Proceedings of the twenty-ninth international conference on Translating and the Computer, 29-30 November 2007 (London: Aslib, 2007); 10pp. [PDF, 150KB]

(2006) Serge Sharoff, Bogdan Babych, Paul Rayson, Olga Mudraya, & Scott Piao: ASSIST: automated semantic assistance for translators. EACL-2006: 11th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Posters and demonstrations, Trento, Italy, April 5-6, 2006; pp.139-142 [PDF, 69KB]

A-STAR

(2010) Xiangyu Duan, Min Zhang, & Haizhou Li: Pseudo-word for phrase-based machine translation. ACL 2010: the 48th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Uppsala, Sweden, July 11-16, 2010: Conference proceedings; pp.148-156. [PDF, 275KB]

(2010) Min Zhang, Xiangyu Duan, Vladimir Pervouchine, & Haizhou Li: Machine transliteration: leveraging on third languages. Coling 2010: 23rd International Conference on Computational Linguistics, 23-27 August 2010, Beijing International Convention Center, Beijing, China, Posters volume; pp.1444-1452. [PDF, 259KB]

(2009) Chiori Hori, Sakriani Sakti, Michael Paul, Noriyuki Kimura, Yutaka Ashikari, Ryosuke Isotani, Eiichiro Sumita, & Satoshi Nakamura: Network-based speech-to-speech translation. IWSLT 2009: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation, National Museum of Emerging Science and Innovation, Tokyo, Japan, December 1-2, 2009; p. 168. [PDF, 286KB]; presentation [PDF of PPT, 485KB]

(2008) Hammam Riza & Oskar Riandi: Toward Asian speech translation system: developing speech recognition and machine translation for Indonesian language. IJCNLP 2008: Third International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing, January 7-12, 2008, Hyderabad, India; 6pp. [PDF, 81KB]

(2008) Sakriani Sakti, Eka Kelana, Hammam Riza, Shinsuke Sakai, Konstantin Markov, & Satoshi Nakamura: Development of Indonesian large vocabulary continuous speech recognition system within A-STAR project. IJCNLP 2008: Third International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing, January 7-12, 2008, Hyderabad, India; 6pp. [PDF, 93KB]

AS-TRANSAC

(1999) Tetsuya Sakai, Yasuyo Shibazaki, Masaru Suzuki, & Masahiro Kajiura: Cross-language information retrieval for NTCIR at Toshiba. Proceedings of the First NTCIR Workshop on Research in Japanese Text retrieval and Term Recognition, August 30 – September 1, Tokyo, Japan; 8pp. [PDF, 169KB]

(1997) Yumiko Yoshimura, Satoshi Kinoshita, & Miwako Shimazu: Processing of proper nouns and use of estimated subject area for web page translation. TMI-97: proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, July 23-25, 1997, St.John’s College, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA; pp.10-18. [PDF, 459KB]

(1997) ASTRANSAC – Toshiba machine translation system. Exhibit at MT Summit VI. Machine Translation: Past, Present, Future, 29 October – 1 November 1997, San Diego, California, USA; p. 284 [PDF, 79KB]

(1993) Toshiba. Language Industry Monitor, issue no.17, September-October 1993; pp.10-11. [PDF, 85KB]

(1991) Hideki Hirakawa, Hiroyasu Nogami, & Shin-ya Amano: EJ/JE machine translation system ASTRANSAC – extensions toward personalization.  MT Summit III.  Proceedings, July 1-4, 1991, Washington, DC, USA; pp. 73-80 [PDF, 668KB] [Revised reprint in: Sergei Nirenburg (ed.) Progress in machine translation (Amsterdam, Oxford, Washington, DC: IOS Press; Tokyo: Ohmsha, 1993), pp. 127-138]

(1989) Shin-ya Amano, Hideki Hirakawa, & Yoshinao Tsutsumi: AS-TRANSAC: the Toshiba machine translation system. In: Makoto Nagao (ed.) Machine translation summit (Tokyo: Ohmsha, 1989), pp. 107-112 [PDF, 142KB] [Revised version of paper given at MT Summit: Machine Translation Summit, Hakone, Japan, September 1987]

(1989) exhibitors at MT Summit II, August 16-18, 1989, Munich, Germany [Frankfurt a.M.: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Dokumentations e.V.]; 2nd ed.: pp.13-28.[PDF, 271KB]

(1988) Shin-ya Amano, Hiroyasu Nogami, & Seiji Miike: A step toward telecommunication with a machine interpreter. Second International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural Languages, June 12-14, 1988, Carnegie Mellon University, Center for Machine Translation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, [USA]; 10pp. [PDF, 119KB]

(1988) Seiji Miike, Koichi Hasebe, Harold Somers, & Shin-ya Amano: Experiences with an on-line translating dialogue system. 26th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 7-10 June 1988, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA; pp.155-162. [PDF, 647KB]

ASURA

(1993) Tsuyoshi Morimoto & Akira Kurematsu: Automatic speech translation at ATR MT Summit IV: International Cooperation for Global Communication. Proceedings, July 20-22, 1993, Kobe, Japan; pp.83-96 [PDF, 305KB]

(1993) Tsuyoshi Morimoto, Toshiyuki Takezawa, Fumihiro Yato, Shigeki Sagayama, Toshihisa Tashiro, Masaaki Nagata, & Akira Kurematsu: ATR’s speech translation system: ASURA.  Eurospeech ’93 Third European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology, Berlin, Germany, September 22-25, 1993; pp.1291-1294; abstract [PDF, 28KB]

(1993) Shigeki Sagayama, Jun-ichi Takami, Akito Nagai, Harald Singer, Kouchi Yamaguchi, Kzumi Ohkura, Kenji Kita, & Akira Kurematsu: ATREUS: a speech recognition front-end for a speech translation system. Eurospeech ’93 Third European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology, Berlin, Germany, September 22-25, 1993; pp.1287-1290; abstract [PDF, 28KB]

ATAMIRI

(2006) Iván Guzmán de Rojas: Experience with language implementations in ATAMIRI. Presented at the Global Symposium on Promoting the Multilingual Internet, International Centre of Geneva, 9-11 May 2006; 7pp. [PDF, 61KB]

(1988) Iván Guzman de Rojas: ATAMIRI - interlingual MT using the Aymara language. In: Dan Maxwell, Klaus Schubert & Toon Witkam (eds.) New directions in machine translation. Conference proceedings, Budapest 18-19 August, 1988; pp.123-129.

ATEC

(2010) Billy T-M Wong & Chunyu Kit: The parameter-optimized ATEC metric for MT evaluation. ACL 2010: Joint Fifth Workshop on Statistical Machine Translation and MetricsMATR. Proceedings of the workshop, 15-16 July 2010, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; pp. 360-364. [PDF, 114KB]

(2009) Billy Wong & Chunyu Kit: ATEC: automatic evaluation of machine translation via word choice and word order [abstract]. Machine Translation 23 (2/3), September 2009; pp.141-151.

ATEF

(1975) J. Chauche: The ATEF and CETA systems. American Journal of Computational Linguistics, microfiche 17; pp. 21-40. [PDF, 3453KB]

ATHENE

(1982) Yoshihiko Nitta, Atsushi Okajima, Fumiyuki Yamano, & Koichiro Ishihara: A heuristic approach to English-into-Japanese machine translation. Coling 82: proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Prague, July 5-10, 1982; edited by Ján Horecký. Amsterdam, New York, Oxford: North-Holland Publishing Company, 1982 (North-Holland Linguistics Series 47); pp. 283-288. [PDF, 305KB]

ATIS

(2008) Jan Bungeroth, Daniel Stein, Philippe Dreuw, Hermann Ney, Sara Morrissey, Andy Way, & Lynette van Zijl: The ATIS sign language corpus. LREC 2008: 6th Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, Marrakech, Morocco, 26-30 May 2008; 4pp. [PDF, 643KB]

(1997) Stephen Della Pietra, Mark Epstein, Salim Roukos, & Todd Ward: Fertility models for statistical natural language understanding. ACL-EACL-1997: 35th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 8th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the Conference, 7-12 July 1997, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain; pp. 168-173. [PDF, 443KB]

ATLAS

(2006) Christian Boitet, Youcef Bey, Mutsuko Tomokio, Wenjie Cao, & Hervé Blanchon: IWSLT-06: experiments with commercial MT systems and lessons from subjective evaluations.  International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation: Evaluation Campaign on Spoken Language Translation [IWSLT 2006], November 27-28, 2006, Kyoto, Japan; 8pp.  [PDF, 324KB]

(1997) ATLAS for Windows V.4.0 JE/EJ. Exhibit at MT Summit VI. Machine Translation: Past, Present, Future, 29 October – 1 November 1997, San Diego, California, USA; p. 276 [PDF, 59KB]

(1996) Eric M. Visser & Masaru Fuji: Using sentence connectors for evaluating MT output. Coling 1996: the 16th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1996, Center for Sprogteknologi, Copenhagen; pp. 1066-1069. [PDF, 411KB]

(1995) Eric M. Visser, Masaru Fuji, & Makoto Shiotsu: The world on your shoulders: the development of ATLAS. MT Summit V Proceedings, Luxembourg, July 10-13, 1995; 8pp. [PDF, 168KB]

(1993) Fujitsu. Language Industry Monitor, issue no.17, September-October 1993; pp.9-10. [PDF, 84KB]

(1989) Norihiko Saeki: Machine translation system at Mazda. In: Makoto Nagao (ed.) Machine translation summit (Tokyo: Ohmsha, 1989), pp. 136-139 [PDF, 155KB]

(1989) Shigeru Sato: Practical experience in the application of MT systems. [Contribution to panel].MT Summit II, August 16-18, 1989, Munich, Germany [Frankfurt a.M.: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Dokumentations e.V.] pp. 125-127 [PDF, 52KB]

(1989) Hiroshi Uchida: ATLAS. MT Summit II, August 16-18, 1989, Munich, Germany [Frankfurt a.M.: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Dokumentations e.V.]; pp. 152-157 [PDF, 100KB]

(1989) Hiroshi Uchida: ATLAS II: a machine translation system using conceptual structure as an interlingua. In: Makoto Nagao (ed.) Machine translation summit (Tokyo: Ohmsha, 1989), pp. 93-100 [PDF, 177KB] [Rewritten version of paper given at MT Summit: Machine Translation Summit, Hakone, Japan, September 1987]

(1988) Hiroshi Uchida: ATLAS II: a machine translation system using conceptual structures as an interlingua. Second International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural Languages, June 12-14, 1988, Carnegie Mellon University, Center for Machine Translation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, [USA]; 9pp. [PDF, 144KB]

(1987) Norihiko Saeki: Machine translation system at Mazda.  MT Summit: Machine Translation Summit.  Manuscripts & Program, September 17-19, 1987, Hakone Prince Hotel, Japan; p. 104 [PDF, 76KB] [Expanded version in: Makoto Nagao (ed.) Machine translation summit (Tokyo: Ohmsha, 1989), pp. 136-139]

(1987) Hiroshi Uchida: ATLAS: Fujitsu machine translation system.  MT Summit: Machine Translation Summit.  Manuscripts & Program, September 17-19, 1987, Hakone Prince Hotel, Japan; pp. 129-134 [PDF, 94KB] [Revised version in: Makoto Nagao (ed.) Machine translation summit (Tokyo: Ohmsha, 1989), pp. 93-100]

(1986) K.Hanakata, A.Lesniewski, & S.Yokoyama: Semantic based generation of Japanese German translation system. Coling ’86: 11th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, August 25th to 29th, 1986, University of Bonn, [Germany]. Proceedings; pp. 560-562. [PDF, 332KB]

(1986) Dietmar Rösner: When Mariko talks to Siegfried: experiences from a Japanese/German machine translation project. Coling ’86: 11th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, August 25th to 29th, 1986, University of Bonn, [Germany]. Proceedings; pp. 652-654. [PDF, 262KB]

(1984) J.Laubsch, D.Roesner, K.Hanakata, & A.Lesniewski: Language generation from conceptual structure: synthesis of German in a Japanese/German MT project. Coling84: 10th International Conference on Computational Linguistics & 22nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 2-6 July 1984, Stanford University, California. Proceedings; pp.491-494. [PDF, 312KB]

(1982) Susumu Sawai, Hiromichi Fukushima, Masakatsu Sugimoto, & Naoya Ukai: Knowledge representation and machine translation. Coling 82: proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Prague, July 5-10, 1982; edited by Ján Horecký. Amsterdam, New York, Oxford: North-Holland Publishing Company, 1982 (North-Holland Linguistics Series 47); pp. 351-354. [PDF, 304KB]

ATLAS [alignment tool]

(2006) Bettina Schrader: ATLAS – a new text alignment architecture. Coling-ACL 2006: Proceedings of the Coling/ACL 2006 Main Conference Poster Sessions, Sydney, July 2006; pp.715-722. [PDF, 139KB]

ATLAS [EU project]

(2011) Machine translation in ATLAS – applied technology for language aided CMS – project. (European Machine Translation Projects.) [EAMT 2011]: proceedings of the 15th conference of the European Association for Machine Translation, 30-31 May 2011, Leuven, Belgium; eds. Mikel L.Forcada, Heidi Depraetere, Vincent Vandeghinste; p.325. [PDF, 127KB]

ATREUS

(1993) Shigeki Sagayama, Jun-ichi Takami, Akito Nagai, Harald Singer, Kouchi Yamaguchi, Kzumi Ohkura, Kenji Kita, & Akira Kurematsu: ATREUS: a speech recognition front-end for a speech translation system. Eurospeech ’93 Third European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology, Berlin, Germany, September 22-25, 1993; pp.1287-1290; abstract [PDF, 28KB]

AutoPat

(2007) Svetlana Sheremetyeva: On portability of resources for a quick ramp up of multilingual MT of patent claims. MT Summit XI Workshop on patent translation, 11 September 2007, Copenhagen, Denmark; pp.28-33. [PDF, 66KB]

(2005) Christoph Neumann: A human-aided machine translation system for Japanese-English patent translation MT Summit X, Phuket, Thailand, September 16, 2005, Proceedings of Workshop on Patent Translation; pp.1-7. [PDF, 139KB]

(2005) Svetlana Sheremetyeva: Embedding MT for generating patent claims in English from a multilingual interface MT Summit X, Phuket, Thailand, September 16, 2005, Proceedings of Workshop on Patent Translation; pp.8-15. [PDF, 883KB]

AutoTerm

(1991) Thomas Seal: Alpnet and TSS: the commercial realities of using a computer-based translation system.  Translating and the Computer 13: The Theory and Practice of Machine Translation – A Marriage of Convenience? Papers presented at a conference… 28-29 November 1991, CBI Conference Centre, London (London: Aslib, 1992); pp.119-125. [PDF, 46KB]

Autshumato

(2009) Hendrik J.Groenewald & Wildrich Fourie: Introducing the Autshumato integrated translation environment. EAMT-2009: Proceedings of the 13th Annual Conference of the European Association for Machine Translation, ed. Lluís Màrquez and Harold Somers, 14-15 May 2009, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; pp.190-196. [PDF , 410KB]

AVENTINUS

(1998) Thomas Schneider: Multilingual information processing: the AVENTINUS project. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.775-779. [PDF, 46KB]

(1997) Ulrike Schwall & Gregor Thurmair: From METAL to T1: systems and components for machine translation applications. MT Summit VI. Machine Translation: Past, Present, Future.  Proceedings, 29 October – 1 November 1997, San Diego, California, USA; pp. 180-190 [PDF, 181KB]

AVENUE

(2009) Lori Levin: Adaptable, community-controlled, language technologies for language maintenance. EAMT-2009: Proceedings of the 13th Annual Conference of the European Association for Machine Translation, ed. Lluís Màrquez and Harold Somers, 14-15 May 2009, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; pp.8-11 [PDF, 223KB]

(2007) Alison Alvarez, Lori Levin, Robert Frederking, & Jill Lehman: An assessment of language elicitation without the supervision of a linguist. TMI-2007: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, Skövde [Sweden], 7-9 September 2007; pp.1-10 [PDF, 415KB]; presentation [PDF, 412KB]

(2006) Christian Monson, Ariadna Font Llitjos, Roberto Aranovich, Lori Levin, Ralf Brown, Eric Peterson, Jaime Carbonell, & Alon Lavie: Building NLP systems for two resource-scarce indigenous languages: Mapudungun and Quechua. LREC-2006: Fifth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation. 5th SALTMIL Workshop on Minority Languages: “Strategies for developing machine translation for minority languages”, Genoa, Italy, 23 May 2006; pp.15-24. [PDF, 124KB]

(2004) Ariadna Font Llitjós & Jaime Carbonell: The translation correction tool: English-Spanish user studies. LREC-2004: Fourth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation, Proceedings, Lisbon, Portugal, 26-28 May 2004; pp.347-350. [PDF, 606KB]

AVIMA

(1990) Andrew Evans & Dimitri Theologitis: Putting the VIM into AVIMA. Translating and the Computer 12: Applying technology in the translation process, ed. Catriona Picken. Proceedings of a conference… 8-9 November 1990, CBI Conference Centre, London (London: Aslib, 1991); pp. 129-138. [PDF, 165KB]

BABEL

(1973) T.D.Crawford: Project BABEL: machine translation with English as the target language. In: Alan Jones and R.F.Churchouse (eds.) The computer in literary and linguistic studies, Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1973; pp.223-229. [PDF, 111KB]

(1973) T.D.Crawford: A review of the Cardiff machine translation project. Computational and mathematical linguistics: proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Pisa, 27/VIII – 1/IX 1973, editors: A.Zampolli, N.Calzolari (Firenze: Olschki, 1980) (Biblioteca dell’Archivum Romanicum, serie II: Linguistica, 37); vol.2, pp.761-771. [PDF, 214KB]

Babelfish

(2003) Jin Yang & Elke Lange: Going live on the internet. In: Harold Somers (ed.) Computers and translation: a translator’s guide (Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2003); pp.191-210

(2002) Thei Zervaki: Online free translation services. Translating and the Computer 24: proceedings from the Aslib conference held on 21-22 November 2002 (London: Aslib, 2002); 10pp. [PDF, 33KB]

BabelNet

(2010) Roberto Navigli & Simone Paolo Ponzetto: BabelNet: building a very large multilingual semantic network. ACL 2010: the 48th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Uppsala, Sweden, July 11-16, 2010: Conference proceedings; pp.216-225. [PDF, 229KB]

Babel-R

(1993) Laurence Jacqmin: Project Babel-R. In: MT News International no.4, January 1993. [PDF]

Babylon

(2008) Michael Mohler & Rada Mihalcea: BABYLON parallel text builder: gathering parallel texts for low-density languages. LREC 2008: 6th Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, Marrakech, Morocco, 26-30 May 2008; 4pp. [PDF, 63KB]

(2003) Alex Waibel, Ahmed Badran, Alan W.Black, Robert Frederking, Donna Gates, Alon Lavie, Lori Levin, Kevin Lenzo, Laura Mayfield Tomokiyo, Juergen Reichert, Tanja Schultz, Dorcas Wallace, Monika Woszczyna, & Jing Zhang: SPEECHALATOR: two-way speech-to-speech translation in your hand HLT-NAACL 2003: conference combining Human Language Technology conference series and the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics conference series,  May 27 – June 1,  2003, Edmonton, Canada; Demonstrations, pp.29-30 [PDF, 25KB]

BAF

(1998) Michel Simard: The BAF: a corpus of English-French bitext. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.489-494. [PDF, 68KB]

Balkanet

(2004) Dan Tufis, Radu Ion, & Nancy Ide: Word sense disambiguation as a WordNets’ validation method in Balkanet: LREC-2004: Fourth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation, Proceedings, Lisbon, Portugal, 26-28 May 2004; pp.1071-1074. [PDF, 422KB]

BancTrad

(2005) Carme Colominas: BancTrad: a web interface for integrated access to annotated corpora. International workshop: Modern approaches in translation technologies, Borovets, Bulgaria, 24 September 2005; p.7-8 [PDF, 114KB]

(2002) Toni Badia, Gemma Boleda, Carme Colominas, Agnès González, Mireia Garmendia, Martí Quixal: BancTrad: a web interface for integrated access to parallel annotated corpora. LREC-2002: Third International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation. Workshop: Language resources for translation work and research, Las Palmas Canary Islands, 27 May 2002; pp.15-19. [PDF, 106KB]

Bayesian models

(2011) Jason Eisner & Markus Dreyer: A non-parametric Bayesian approach to inflectional morphology [abstract]. Machine Translation and Morphologically- rich Languages: Research Workshop of the Israel Science Foundation, University of Haifa, Israel, 27 January, 2011; presentation by Jason Eisner: 7 slides [PDF of PPT, 100KB]; presentation by Markus Dreyer: 200 slides [PDF of PPT, 11706KB]

(2010) Andrew Finch & Eiichiro Sumita: A Bayesian model of bilingual segmentation for transliteration. Proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation, 2-3 December 2010, Paris, France; pp.259-266. [PDF, 511KB]

(2010) Germán Sanchis-Trilles & Francisco Casacuberta: Log-linear weight optimisation via Bayesian adaptation in statistical machine translation. Coling 2010: 23rd International Conference on Computational Linguistics, 23-27 August 2010, Beijing International Convention Center, Beijing, China, Posters volume; pp.1077-1085. [PDF, 225KB]

(2009) Adrià de Gispert, Sami Virpioja, Mikko Kurimo, & William Byrne: Minimum Bayes risk combination of translation hypotheses from alternative morphological decompositions.  NAACL HLT 2009. Human Language Technologies: the 2009 annual conference of the North American Chapter of the ACL, Short Papers, Boulder, Colorado, May 31 - June 5, 2009; pp.73-76. [PDF, 72KB]

(2009) Shankar Kumar, Wolfgang Machery, Chris Dyer & Franz Och: Efficient minimum error rate training and minimum Bayes-risk decoding for translation hypergraphs and lattices. [ACL-IJCNLP-2009] Proceedings of the 47th Annual Meeting of the ACL and the 4th IJCNLP, Suntec, Singapore, 2-7 August 2009; pp.163-171. [PDF, 342KB]

(2009) Benjamin Snyder, Tahira Naseem, Jacob Eisenstein, & Regina Barzilay: Adding more languages improves unsupervised multilingual part-of-speech tagging: a Bayesian non-parametric approach. NAACL HLT 2009. Human Language Technologies: the 2009 annual conference of the North American Chapter of the ACL, Boulder, Colorado, May 31 - June 5, 2009; pp.83-91. [PDF, 599KB]

(2008) John DeNero, Alexandre Bouchard-Côté, & Dan Klein: Sampling alignment structure under a Bayesian translation model.  EMNLP 2008: Proceedings of  the 2008 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, 25-27 October 2008, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA; pp.314-323. [PDF, 356KB]

(2008) Farag Ahmed & Andreas Nürnberger: Arabic/English word translation disambiguation approach based on naïve Bayesian classifier. Proceedings of the International Multiconference on Computer Science and Information Technology, Wisla, Poland, 20-22 October 2008; pp.331-338. [PDF, 318KB]

(2008) Roy W.Tromble, Shankar Kumar, Franz Och, & Wolfgang Machery: Lattice minimum Bayes-risk decoding for statistical machine translation. EMNLP 2008: Proceedings of  the 2008 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, 25-27 October 2008, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA; pp.620-629. [PDF, 285KB]

(2008) Jia Xu, Jianfeng Gao, Kristina Toutanova, & Hermann Ney: Bayesian semi-supervised Chinese word segmentation for statistical machine translation. Coling 2008:  22nd International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Proceedings of the conference, 18-22 August 2008, Manchester UK; pp.1017-1024. [PDF, 137KB

(2007) Nicola Ehling, Richard Zens, & Hermann Ney: Minimum Bayes risk decoding for BLEU.  ACL 2007: proceedings of demo and poster sessions, Prague, Czech Republic, June 2007; pp. 101-104 [PDF, 334KB]

(2006) Simon Corston-Oliver, Anthony Aue, Kevin Duh & Eric Ringger: Multilingual dependency parsing using Bayes point machines.  HLT-NAACL 2006: Proceedings of the Human Language Technology Conference of the North American Chapter of the ACL, New York, NY, USA, June 2006; pp. 160-167 [PDF, 178KB]

(2002) Shankar Kumar & William Byrne: Minimum Bayes-risk word alignments of bilingual texts. EMNLP-2002: Proceedings of the 2002 conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, July 2002, Philadelphia, USA; pp.140-147 [PDF, 263KB]

BBLT (Buckwalter-based Lookup Tool)

(2008) Clare R. Voss, Jamal Laoudi, & Jeffrey Micher: Exploitation of an Arabic language resource for MT evaluation: using Buckwalter-based lookup tool to augment CMU alignment algorithm.  LREC 2008: 6th Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, Marrakech, Morocco, 26-30 May 2008; 8pp. [PDF, 246KB]

BCP

(1992) A.Winarske, S.Warwick-Armstrong, & J.Hajič: Tagging and alignment of parallel texts: current status of BCP.  Third conference on Applied Natural Language Processing [of] Association for Computational Linguistics. Proceedings of the conference, 31 March – 3 April 1992, Trento, Italy;  pp.209-215. [PDF, 190KB]

Bede

(1983) Harold L. Somers: Investigating the possibility of a microprocessor-based machine translation system. First conference on Applied Natural Language Processing [of] Association for Computational Linguistics. Proceedings of the conference, 1-3 February 1983, Miramar-Sheraton Hotel, Santa Monica, California, USA; pp. 149-155 [PDF, 537KB]

(1982) H.L.Somers & R.L.Johnson: Bede: a microprocessor-based machine translation system. Coling 82 [Ninth International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Prague, July 5-10, 1982] Abstracts, edited by Eva Hajičová. Charles University, Prague, 1982; pp. 266-272. [PDF, 231KB]

BehaviorTran

(1999) Key-Yih Su & Jing-Shin Chang: A customizable, self-learnable parameterized MT system: the next generation.  Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp.182-188. [PDF, 180KB]

(1997) Jing-Shin Chang & Key-Yi Su: Corpus-based statistics-oriented (CBSO) machine translation researches in Taiwan. MT Summit VI. Machine Translation: Past, Present, Future.  Proceedings, 29 October – 1 November 1997, San Diego, California, USA; pp. 165-173 [PDF, 149KB]

BIA

(2011) Patrik Lambert & Rafael Banchs: BIA: a discriminative phrase alignment toolkit. Sixth Machine Translation Marathon, 5-10 September 2011, Trento; 23 slides [PDF of PPT, 288KB]

Bike

(2005) David Nadeau, Caroline Barrière & George Foster: Bike: bilingual keyphrase experiments. International workshop: Modern approaches in translation technologies, Borovets, Bulgaria, 24 September 2005; p.36-41 [PDF, 184KB]

BiTAM

(2006) Bing Zhao & Eric P. Xing: BiTAM: bilingual topic admixture models for word alignment. Coling-ACL 2006: Proceedings of the Coling/ACL 2006 Main Conference Poster Sessions, Sydney, July 2006; pp.969-976. [PDF, 574KB]

Bitextor

(2010) Miquel Esplà-Gomis & Mikel L.Forcada: Combining content-based and URL-based heuristics to harvest aligned bitexts from multilingual sites with Bitextor. Fourth Machine Translation Marathon “Open Source Tools for Machine Translation”, 25-30 January, Dublin, Ireland; Prague Bulletin of Mathematical Linguistics, no.93, January 2010; pp.77-86. [PDF, 160KB]

(2009) Miquel Esplà-Gomis: Bitextor, a free/open-source software to harvest translation memories from multilingual websites. MT Summit XII - Workshop: Beyond Translation Memories: New Tools for Translators MT, August 29, 2009, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; 8pp. [PDF, 730KB]

BITS

(2008) Kazuaki Maeda, Xiaoyi Ma, & Stephanie Strassel: Creating sentence-aligned parallel text corpora from a large archive of potential parallel text using BITS and Champollion.  LREC 2008: 6th Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, Marrakech, Morocco, 26-30 May 2008; 4pp. [PDF, 68KB]

(1999) Xiaoyi Ma & Mark Y.Liberman: BITS: a method for bilingual text search over the Web .  Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp. 538-542. [PDF, 138KB]

BizLingo

(2009) William Ogden, Ron Zacharski, Sieun An, & Yuki Ishikawa: User choice as an evaluation metric for web translation services in cross language instant messaging applications. MT Summit XII: proceedings of the twelfth Machine Translation Summit, August 26-30, 2009, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; pp. 97-103. [PDF, 376KB]

BLANC

(2005) Lucian Vlad Lita, Monica Rogati, & Alon Lavie: BLANC: learning evaluation metrics for MT. HLT-EMNLP-2005: Proceedings of Human Technology Conference and Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, Vancouver, October 2005; pp. 33-40. [PDF, 215KB]

BLARK (Basic Language Resource Kit)

(2009) Khalid Choukri: MEDAR – Mediterranean Arabic language and speech technology: an intermediate report on the MEDAR survey of actors, projects, products. MEDAR 2009: 2nd International Conference on Arabic Language Resources & Tools, 22-23 April 2009, Cairo, Egypt; pp.186-192. [PDF, 445KB]

(2009) Bente Maegaard, M.Attia, K.Choukri, S.Krauwer, C.Mokbel, & M.Yaseen: MEDAR: Arabic language technology, state-of-the-art and a cooperation roadmap. MEDAR 2009: 2nd International Conference on Arabic Language Resources & Tools, 22-23 April 2009, Cairo, Egypt; pp.168-174. [PDF, 374KB]

(2008) Bente Maegaard, M.Atiyya, K.Choukri, S.Krauwer, C.Mokbel, & M.Yaseen: MEDAR – collaboration between European and Mediterranean Arabic partners to support the development of language technology for Arabic. LREC 2008: 6th Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, Marrakech, Morocco, 26-30 May 2008; pp. 3609-3614. [PDF, 235KB]

(2006) Delyth Prys: The BLARK matrix and its relation to the language resources situation for the Celtic languages.  LREC-2006: Fifth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation. 5th SALTMIL Workshop on Minority Languages: “Strategies for developing machine translation for minority languages”, Genoa, Italy, 23 May 2006; pp.31-32. [PDF, 37KB]

BLAST

(2011) Sara Stymne: BLAST: a tool for error analysis of machine translation output. Proceedings of the 49th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: System Demonstrations, Portland, Oregon, June 19-24, 2011; pp.56-61. [PDF, 128KB]

BLEU (BiLingual Evaluation Understudy)

 (2011) Boxing Chen & Roland Kuhn: AMBER: a modified BLEU, enhanced ranking metric. [WMT 2011] Proceedings of the 6th Workshop on Statistical Machine Translation, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK, July 30-31, 2011; pp.71-77. [PDF, 148KB]

 (2011) MajaPopović: Morphemes and POS tags for n-gram based evaluation metrics. [WMT 2011] Proceedings of the 6th Workshop on Statistical Machine Translation, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK, July 30-31, 2011; pp.104-107. [PDF, 68KB]

(2008) Abhaya Agarwal & Alon Lavie: Meteor, M-BLEU and M-TER: Evaluation metrics for high-correlation with human rankings of machine translation output.  ACL-08: HLT. Third Workshop on Statistical Machine Translation, Proceedings, June 19, 2008, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA (ACL WMT-08); pp.115-118. [PDF, 148KB]

(2008) Bogdan Babych & Anthony Hartley: Sensitivity of automated MT evaluation metrics on higher quality MT output: BLEU vs task-based evaluation methods. LREC 2008: 6th Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, Marrakech, Morocco, 26-30 May 2008; 4pp. [PDF, 57KB]

(2008) David Chiang, Steve DeNeefe, Yee Seng Chan & Hwee Tou Ng: Decomposability of translation metrics for improved evaluation and efficient algorithms.  EMNLP 2008: Proceedings of  the 2008 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, 25-27 October 2008, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA; pp.610-619. [PDF, 316KB]

(2008) Almut Silja Hildebrand & Stephan Vogel: Combination of machine translation systems via hypothesis selection from combined n-best lists. AMTA-2008. MT at work: Proceedings of the Eighth Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, Waikiki, Hawai’i, 21-25 October 2008; pp.254-261 [PDF, 681KB]

(2008) Gregor Leusch, Evgeny Matusov, & Hermann Ney: Complexity of finding the BLEU-optimal hypothesis in a confusion network.  EMNLP 2008: Proceedings of  the 2008 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, 25-27 October 2008, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA; pp.839-847. [PDF, 255KB]

(2008) A. Cüneyd Tantuğ, Kemal Oflazer, & İlknur D.El-Kahlout: BLEU+: a tool for fine-grained BLEU computation.  LREC 2008: 6th Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, Marrakech, Morocco, 26-30 May 2008; 7pp. [PDF, 753KB]

(2007) Markus Dreyer, Keith Hall, & Sanjeev Khudanpur: Comparing reordering constraints for SMT using efficient BLEU oracle computation. SSST, NAACL-HLT-2007 AMTA Workshop on Syntax and Structure in Statistical Translation, 26 April 2007, Rochester, NY; pp.103-110 [PDF, 206KB]

(2007) Nicola Ehling, Richard Zens, & Hermann Ney: Minimum Bayes risk decoding for BLEU.  ACL 2007: proceedings of demo and poster sessions, Prague, Czech Republic, June 2007; pp. 101-104 [PDF, 334KB]

(2007) Jesús Giménez & Lluís Màrquez: Linguistic features for automatic evaluation of heterogenous MT systems. ACL 2007: proceedings of the Second Workshop on Statistical Machine Translation, June 23, 2007, Prague, Czech Republic; pp. 256-264 [PDF, 134KB]

(2007) Eduard Hovy: Investigating why BLEU penalizes non-statistical systems. MT Summit XI Workshop: Automatic procedures in MT evaluation, 11 September 2007, Copenhagen, Denmark, [Proceedings]; 10pp. [PDF of PPT presentation, 265KB]

(2007) Dennis N. Mehay & Chris Brew: BLEUÂTRE: flattening syntactic dependencies for MT evaluation. TMI-2007: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, Skövde [Sweden], 7-9 September 2007; pp.122-131 [PDF, 370KB]; presentation [PDF, 802KB]

(2007) Yang Ye, Ming Zhou, & Chin-Yew Lin: Sentence level machine translation evaluation as a ranking problem: one step aside from BLEU.  ACL 2007: proceedings of the Second Workshop on Statistical Machine Translation, June 23, 2007, Prague, Czech Republic; pp. 240-247 [PDF, 311KB]

(2006) Chris Callison-Burch, Miles Osborne, & Philipp Koehn: Re-evaluating the role of BLEU in machine translation research. EACL-2006: 11th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Trento, Italy, April 3-7, 2006; pp.249-256 [PDF, 151KB]

(2006) David Kauchak & Regina Barzilay: Paraphrasing for automatic evaluation. HLT-NAACL 2006: Proceedings of the Human Language Technology Conference of the North American Chapter of the ACL, New York, NY, USA, June 2006; pp. 455-462 [PDF, 196KB]

(2006) Philipp Koehn & Christof Monz: Manual and automatic evaluation of machine translation between European languages.  HLT-NAACL 2006: Proceedings of the Workshop on Statistical Machine Translation, New York, NY, USA, June 2006; pp. 102-121 [PDF, 199KB]

(2006) Agam Patel & Dragomir R.Radev: Lexical similarity can distinguish between automatic and manual translations. LREC-2006: Fifth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation. Proceedings, Genoa, Italy, 22-28 May 2006; pp.1230-1235 [PDF, 326KB]

(2005) Andre Castilla, Alice Bacic, & Sergio Furuie: Machine translation on the medical domain: the role of BLEU/NIST and METEOR in a controlled vocabulary setting. MT Summit X, Phuket, Thailand, September 13-15, 2005, Conference Proceedings: the tenth Machine Translation Summit; pp.47-54. [PDF, 156KB]

(2005) Etienne Denoual & Yves Lepage: BLEU in characters: towards automatic MT evaluation in languages without word delimiters. IJCNLP-05: Second International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing, 11-13 October 2005, Jeju Island, Republic of Korea; pp.79-84. [PDF, 495KB]

(2005) Lucian Vlad Lita, Monica Rogati, & Alon Lavie: BLANC: learning evaluation metrics for MT. HLT-EMNLP-2005: Proceedings of Human Technology Conference and Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, Vancouver, October 2005; pp. 33-40. [PDF, 215KB]

(2005) Stefan Riezler & John T.Maxwell III: On some pitfalls in automatic evaluation and significance testing for MT. ACL-2005: Workshop on Intrinsic and Extrinsic Evaluation Measures for Machine Translation and/or Summarization, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 29 June 2005; pp. 57-64. [PDF, 115KB]

(2005) Sylvain Surcin, Olivier Hamon, Antony Hartley, Martin Rajman, Andrei Popescu-Belis, Widad Mustafa El Hadi, Ismaïl Timimi, Marianne Dabbadie, & Khalid Choukri: Evaluation of machine translation with predictive metrics beyond BLEU/NIST: CESTA evaluation campaign # 1. MT Summit X, Phuket, Thailand, September 13-15, 2005, Conference Proceedings: the tenth Machine Translation Summit; pp.117-124. [PDF, 162KB]

(2005) Kiyotaka Uchimoto, Naoko Hayashida, Toru Ishida, & Hitoshi Isahara: Automatic rating of machine translatability. MT Summit X, Phuket, Thailand, September 13-15, 2005, Conference Proceedings: the tenth Machine Translation Summit; pp.235-242. [PDF, 271KB]

(2005) Ashish Venugopal & Stephan Vogel: Considerations in maximum mutual information and minimum classification error training for statistical machine translation. 10th EAMT conference "Practical applications of machine translation", 30-31 May 2005, Budapest; pp. 271-279. [PDF, 89KB]

(2004) Anthony Aue, Arul Menezes, Bob Moore, Chris Quirk & Eric Ringger: Statistical machine translation using labeled semantic dependency graphs; TMI-2004: proceedings of the Tenth Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, October 4-6, 2004, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; pp.125-134. [PDF, 127KB]

(2004) Bogdan Babych, Debbie Elliott, & Anthony Hartley: Calibrating resource-light automatic MT evaluation: a cheap approach to ranking MT systems by the usability of their output. LREC-2004: Fourth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation, Proceedings, Lisbon, Portugal, 26-28 May 2004; pp.2031-2034. [PDF, 237KB]

(2004) Bogdan Babych & Anthony Hartley: Extending the BLEU MT evaluation method with frequency weightings.  ACL 2004: 42nd annual meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 21-26 July 2004, Barcelona, Spain; pp. 621-628. [PDF, 132KB]

(2004) Bogdan Babych & Anthony Hartley: Modelling legitimate translation variation for automatic evaluation of MT quality. LREC-2004: Fourth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation, Proceedings, Lisbon, Portugal, 26-28 May 2004; pp.833-836. [PDF, 283KB]

(2004) Alex Kulesza & Stuart M. Shieber: A learning approach to improving sentence-level MT evaluation; TMI-2004: proceedings of the Tenth Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, October 4-6, 2004, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; pp.75-84. [PDF, 108KB]

(2004) Alon Lavie, Kenji Sagae, & Shyamsundar Jayaraman: The significance of recall in automatic metrics for MT evaluation. Machine translation: from real users to research: 6th conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, AMTA 2004, Washington, DC, September 28 – October 2, 2004; ed. Robert E.Frederking and Kathryn B.Taylor (Berlin: Springer Verlag, 2004); pp. 134-143. [go to publisher details]

(2004) Libin Shen, Anoop Sarkar, & Franz Josef Och: Discriminitive reranking for machine translation.  HLT-NAACL 2004: Human Language Technology conference and North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics annual meeting, May 2-7, 2004, The Park Plaza Hotel, Boston, USA; pp.177-184. [PDF, 106KB]

(2004) Ying Zhang, Stephan Vogel & Alex Waibel: Interpreting BLEU/NIST scores: how much improvement do we need to have a better system?  LREC-2004: Fourth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation, Proceedings, Lisbon, Portugal, 26-28 May 2004; pp.2051-2054. [PDF, 361KB]

(2004) Ying Zhang & Stephan Vogel: Measuring confidence intervals for the machine translation evaluation metrics; TMI-2004: proceedings of the Tenth Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, October 4-6, 2004, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; pp.85-94. [PDF, 348KB]

(2003) Yasuhiro Akiba, Eiichiro Sumita, Hiromi Nakaiwa, Seiichi Yamamoto & Hiroshi G. Okuno: Experimental comparison of MT evaluation methods: RED vs.BLEU MT Summit IX, New Orleans, USA, 23-27 September 2003 [PDF, 96KB]

(2003) Necip Fazıl Ayan, Bonnie J.Dorr, & Okan Kolak: Evaluation techniques applied to domain tuning of MT lexicons. "Towards systematizing MT evaluation": a workshop on machine translation evaluation at the MT Summit IX, New Orleans, USA, 27 September 2003; pp.3-11. [PDF, 328KB]

(2003) Deborah Coughlin: Correlating automated and human assessments of machine translation quality MT Summit IX, New Orleans, USA, 23-27 September 2003 [PDF, 88KB] 

(2003) Christopher Culy & Susanne Z. Riehemann: The limits of n-gram translation evaluation metrics MT Summit IX, New Orleans, USA, 23-27 September 2003 [PDF, 338KB]

(2003) Kenji Imamura, Eiichiro Sumita, & Yuji Matsumoto: Feedback cleaning of machine translation rules using automatic evaluation ACL-2003: 41st Annual meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, July 7-12, 2003, Sapporo, Japan. [PDF, 62KB]

(2003) Calandra Tate, Sooyon Lee, & Clare R.Voss: Task-based MT evaluation: tackling software, experimental design, & statistical models. "Towards systematizing MT evaluation": a workshop on machine translation evaluation at the MT Summit IX, New Orleans, USA, 27 September 2003; pp.43-50. [PDF, 227KB]

(2003) Joseph P. Turian, Luke Shen, & I.Dan Melamed: Evaluation of machine translation and its evaluation MT Summit IX, New Orleans, USA, 23-27 September 2003; pp.386-393. [PDF]

(2003) Ashish Venugopal, Stephan Vogel, & Alex Waibel: Effective phrase translation extraction from aligned models ACL-2003: 41st Annual meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, July 7-12, 2003, Sapporo, Japan. [PDF, 134KB]

(2003) Keiji Yasuda, Fumiaki Sugaya, Toshiyuki Takezawa, Seiichi Yamamoto & Masuzo Yamagida:  Applications of automatic evaluation methods to measuring a capability of speech translation system. EACL 2003: 10th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, April 12-17, 2003, Budapest, Hungary. Proceedings; pp.371-378 [PDF, 1659KB]

(2002) Kishore Papineni: Machine translation evaluation: n-grams to the rescue. LREC-2002: Third International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation. Proceedings, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain, 27 May – 2 June 2002; 2pp.[abstract only] [PDF, 52KB]

(2002) Kishore Papineni, Salim Roukos, Todd Ward & Wei-Jing Zhu: BLEU: a method for automatic evaluation of machine translation. ACL-2002: 40th Annual meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Philadelphia, July 2002; pp.311-318. [PDF, 281KB]

(2002) Kishore Papineni, Salim Roukos, Todd Ward, John Henderson, & Florence Reeder: Corpus-based comprehensive and diagnostic MT evaluation: initial Arabic, Chinese, French, and Spanish results. HLT 2002: Human Language Technology Conference: proceedings of the second international conference on human language technology research, March 24-27, 2002, San Diego, California; ed. Mitchell Marcus [San Francisco, CA: Morgan Kaufmann for DARPA]; pp. 132-137. [PDF, 198KB]

(2001) Kevin Knight, Lori Levin, Young-Suk Lee, Salim Roukos, & Alex Waibel: Machine translation in TIDES Planning Committee report. [2001]; 13pp. [PDF of PPT, 20KB]

(2001) [NIST]. Automatic evaluation of language translation using n-gram co-occurrence statistics. [NIST, 2001]; 8pp. [PDF of PPT, 40KB]

Blitz Latin

(2003) William A.Whitaker & John F.White: Blitz Latin – a machine translator for Latin to English.  In: Machine Translation Review, issue 14: December 2003; pp.17-28.

BOAS

(2000) Svetlana Sheremetyeva & Sergei Nirenburg: Towards a universal tool for NLP resource acquisition. LREC-2000: Second International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation. Proceedings, Athens, Greece, 31 May – 2 June 2000; pp. 761-768. [PDF, 80KB]

(1998) Sergei Nirenburg: Project Boas: “a linguist in the box” as a multi-purpose language resource. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.739-746. [PDF, 141KB]

(1998) Sergei Nirenburg & Victor Raskin: Universal grammar and lexis for quick ramp-up of MT systems. Coling-ACL ’98: 36th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 17th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, August 10-14, 1998, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; pp. 975-979. [PDF, 459KB]

BOLOGNA

(2011) Heidi Depraetere, Joachim Van den Bogaert, & Joeri Van de Walle: Bologna translation service: online translation of course syllabi and study programmes in English. [EAMT 2011]: proceedings of the 15th conference of the European Association for Machine Translation, 30-31 May 2011, Leuven, Belgium; eds. Mikel L.Forcada, Heidi Depraetere, Vincent Vandeghinste; pp.29-34. [PDF, 164KB]

(2011) BOLOGNA: Bologna translation service. (European Machine Translation Projects.) [EAMT 2011]: proceedings of the 15th conference of the European Association for Machine Translation, 30-31 May 2011, Leuven, Belgium; eds. Mikel L.Forcada, Heidi Depraetere, Vincent Vandeghinste; p.327. [PDF, 106KB]

BONSAI

(2009) Marcin Junczys-Dowmunt: It’s all about the trees – towards a hybrid syntax-based MT system. Proceedings of the International Multiconference on Computer Science and Information Technology, Mrągowo, Poland, 12-14 October 2009; pp.219-226. [PDF, 125KB]

BRIDJE

(2007) Tetsuya Sakai, Makoto Koyama, Tatsuya Izuha, Akira Kumano, Toshihiko Manabe, & Tomoharu Kokubu: Toshiba BRIDJE at NTCIR-6 CLIR: the head/lead method and graded relevance feedback. Proceedings of NTCIR-6 Workshop Meeting, May 15-18, 2007, Tokyo, Japan; pp.36-43. [PDF, 379KB]

(2005) Tetsuya Sakai, Toshihiko Manabe, Akira Kumano, Makoto Koyama, & Tomoharu Kokubu: Toshiba BRIDJE at NTCIR-5 CLIR: evaluation using geometric means. Proceedings of NTCIR-5 Workshop Meeting, December 6-9, 2005, Tokyo, Japan; 8pp. [PDF, 470KB]

(2003) Tetsuya Sakai, Makoto Koyama, Masaru Suzuki, Akira Kumano, & Toshihiko Manabe: BRIDJE over a language barrier: cross-language information access by integrating translation and retrieval IRAL 2003: Sixth International Workshop on Information Retrieval with Asian Languages,  July 7,  2003, Sapporo, Japan; 12pp. [PDF, 81KB]

(2002) Tetsuya Sakai, Makoto Koyama, Masaru Suzuki, & Toshihiko Manabe: Toshiba KIDS at NTCIR-3: Japanese and English-Japanese IR. NTCIR Workshop 3: Proceedings of the Third NTCIR Workshop on Research in Information Retrieval, Automatic Text Summarization and Question Answering, October 8-10, 2002, Tokyo, Japan; 8pp. [PDF, 273KB]

BRILI

(2006) Sergio Ferrández, Antonio Ferrández, Sandra Roger, Pilar López-Moreno, & Jesús Peral: BRILI, an English-Spanish cross-lingual question-answering system. Proceedings of the International Multiconference on Computer Science and Information Technology, Wisla, Poland, 6-10 November 2006; pp.25-31. [PDF, 356KB]

BRUJA

(2006) Miguel Á. Garcia Cumbreras, L. Alfonso Ureña López, & Fernando Martínez Santiago: BRUJA: question classification for Spanish using machine translation and an English classifier. EACL-2006: 11th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Workshop on Multilingual Question Answering (MLQA06), Trento, Italy, April 4, 2006; pp.39-44 [PDF, 412 KB]

BTEC

(2010) Proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation, 2-3 December 2010, Paris, France

(2010) Michael Paul, Andrew Finch, & Eiichiro Sumita: Integration of multiple bilingually-learned segmentation schemes into statistical machine translation. ACL 2010: Joint Fifth Workshop on Statistical Machine Translation and MetricsMATR. Proceedings of the workshop, 15-16 July 2010, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; pp. 400-408. [PDF, 256KB]

(2010) Michael Paul, Marcello Federico, & Sebastian Stüker: Overview of the IWSLT 2010 evaluation campaign. Proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation, 2-3 December 2010, Paris, France; pp.3-27. [PDF, 558KB]

(2009) see Proceedings of the International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation, December 1-2, 2009, National Museum of Emerging Science and Innovation, Tokyo, Japan

(2009) Rejwanul Haque, Sudip Kumar Naskar, Yanjun Ma & Andy Way: Using supertags as source language context in SMT. EAMT-2009: Proceedings of the 13th Annual Conference of the European Association for Machine Translation, ed. Lluís Màrquez and Harold Somers, 14-15 May 2009, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; pp.234-241. [PDF, 247KB]

(2009) Hua Wu & Haifeng Wang: Revisiting pivot language approach for machine translation. [ACL-IJCNLP-2009] Proceedings of the 47th Annual Meeting of the ACL and the 4th IJCNLP, Suntec, Singapore, 2-7 August 2009; pp.154-162. [PDF, 459KB]

(2009) Yuqi Zhang, Evgeny Matusov, & Hermann Ney: Are unaligned words important for machine translation? EAMT-2009: Proceedings of the 13th Annual Conference of the European Association for Machine Translation, ed. Lluís Màrquez and Harold Somers, 14-15 May 2009, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; pp.226-233. [PDF, 388KB]

(2008) Michael Paul, Hideo Okuma, Hirofumi Yamamoto, Eiichiro Sumita, Shigeki Matsuda, Tohru Shimizu, & Satoshi Nakamura: Multilingual mobile-phone translation services for world travelers. Coling 2008:  22nd International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Posters and demonstrations, 18-22 August 2008, Manchester UK; pp.165-168. [PDF, 373KB]

(2008) see IWSLT 2008: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation, 20-21 October 2008, Hawaii, USA.

(2007) Josep M. Crego & José B. Mariño: Syntax-enhanced n-gram-based SMT. MT Summit XI, 10-14 September 2007, Copenhagen, Denmark. Proceedings; pp.111-118 [PDF, 188KB]

(2007) Matthias Eck, Stephan Vogel, & Alex Waibel: Estimating phrase pair relevance for translation model pruning. MT Summit XI, 10-14 September 2007, Copenhagen, Denmark. Proceedings; pp.159-165 [PDF, 157KB]

(2007) Ariadna Font Llitjós & Stephan Vogel: A walk on the other side: adding statistical components to a transfer-based translation system. SSST, NAACL-HLT-2007 AMTA Workshop on Syntax and Structure in Statistical Translation, 26 April 2007, Rochester, NY; pp.72-79 [PDF, 113KB]

(2007) Cameron S.Fordyce: Overview of the IWSLT 2007 evaluation campaign. IWSLT 2007: International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation, 15-16 October 2007, Trento, Italy. 12pp. [PDF, 923KB]; presentation [PDF, 579KB]

(2007) Hideo Okuma, Hirofumi Yamamoto, & Eiichiro Sumita: Introducing translation dictionary into phrase-based SMT. MT Summit XI, 10-14 September 2007, Copenhagen, Denmark. Proceedings; pp.361-368 [PDF, 446KB]

(2007) Josh Schroeder & Philipp Koehn: The University of Edinburgh system description for IWSLT 2007. IWSLT 2007: International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation, 15-16 October 2007, Trento, Italy. 6pp. [PDF, 300KB]; presentation [PDF, 222KB]

(2007) Holger Schwenk, Marta R.Costa-jussà, & José A.R.Fonollosa: Smooth bilingual n-gram translation. EMNLP-CoNLL-2007: Proceedings of the 2007 Joint Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing and Computational Natural Language Learning, June 28-30, 2007, Prague, Czech Republic; pp. 858-857. [PDF, 218KB]

(2006) proceedings of  International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation: Evaluation Campaign on Spoken Language Translation [IWSLT 2006], November 27-28, 2006, Kyoto, Japan

(2006) Kyo Kageura & Genichiro Kikui: A self-referring quantitative evaluation of the ATR Basic Travel Expression Corpus (BTEC).  LREC-2006: Fifth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation. Proceedings, Genoa, Italy, 22-28 May 2006; pp.1945-950 [PDF, 368KB]

(2005) proceedings of International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation: Evaluation Campaign on Spoken Language Translation [IWSLT 2005], 24-25 October, 2005, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

(2005) Yves Lepage & Etienne Denoual: Automatic generation of paraphrases to be used as translation references in objective evaluation measures of machine translation. IJCNLP-05: Third International Workshop on Paraphrasing (IWP 2005). Proceedings of the workshop, 12 October 2005, Jeju Island, Korea; pp. 57-64. [PDF, 131KB]

(2005) Matthias Eck & Chiori Hori: Overview of the IWSLT 2005 Evaluation Campaign. International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation: Evaluation Campaign on Spoken Language Translation [IWSLT 2005], 24-25 October, 2005, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; 22pp. [PDF, 256KB]

(2005) Hideki Kashioka: Training data modification for SMT: considering groups of synonymous sentences. ACL-2005: Workshop on Empirical Modeling of Semantic Equivalence and Entailment, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 30 June 2005; pp. 19-24. [PDF, 113KB]

(2004) proceedings of International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation: Evaluation Campaign on Spoken Language Translation [IWSLT 2004], September 30 – October 1, 2004, Kyoto, Japan.

(2003) Genichiro Kikui, Eiichiro Sumita, Toshiyuki Takezawa, & Seiichi Yamamoto: Creating corpora for speech-to-speech translation.  Eurospeech 2003 - Interspeech 2003 8th European  Conference on  Speech Communication and Technology, Geneva, Switzerland, September 1-4, 2003; pp.381-384; abstract [PDF, 34KB]

Cairo

(2000) Noah A. Smith & Michael E. Jahr: Cairo: an alignment visualization tool. LREC-2000: Second International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation. Proceedings, Athens, Greece, 31 May – 2 June 2000; pp. 549-551. [PDF, 45KB]

Caitra

(2009) Philipp Koehn: A web-based interactive computer aided translation tool. [ACL-IJCNLP-2009] Proceedings of the 47th Annual Meeting of the ACL and the 4th IJCNLP, Software Demonstrations, Suntec, Singapore, 3 August 2009; pp.17-20. [PDF, 127KB]

(2009) Philipp Koehn: A process study of computer-aided translation [abstract]. Machine Translation 23 (4), November 2009; pp.241-263.

(2009) Philipp Koehn: Human translation and machine translation – invited talk. IWSLT 2009: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation, National Museum of Emerging Science and Innovation, Tokyo, Japan, December 1-2, 2009; 80pp. [PDF of PPT, 599KB]

(2009) Philipp Koehn & Barry Haddow: Interactive assistance to human translators using statistical machine translation methods. MT Summit XII: proceedings of the twelfth Machine Translation Summit, August 26-30, 2009, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; pp. 73-80. [PDF, 217KB]

CALLIOPE

(1986) Christian Boitet: Current machine translation systems developed with GETA’s methodology and software tools.  Translating and the Computer 8: a profession on the move, ed. Catriona Picken. Proceedings of a conference… 13-14 November 1986, CBI Conference Centre, Centre Point, London (London: Aslib, 1987); pp.114-132. [PDF, 169KB]

Canadian Hansard

(2009) Michel Simard & Pierre Isabelle: Phrase-based machine translation in a computer-assisted translation environment. MT Summit XII: proceedings of the twelfth Machine Translation Summit, August 26-30, 2009, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; pp.120-127. [PDF, 68KB]

(2007) Aarthi Reddy, Richard Rose, Alain Désilets: Integration of ASR and machine translation models in a document translation task. Interspeech 2007: 8th Annual Conference of the International Speech Communication Association, Antwerp, Belgium, August 27-31, 2007; pp.2457-2460; abstract [PDF, 61KB]

(1994) Stephen DellaPietra & Vincent DellaPietra: Candide: a statistical machine translation system.  Human Language Technology: proceedings of a workshop held at Plainsboro, New Jersey, USA, March 8-11, 1994. (San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, 1994); p.457. [PDF, 526KB]

(1992) Peter F. Brown, Stephen A. Della Pietra, Vincent J. Della Pietra, John D. Lafferty, & Robert L. Mercer: Analysis, statistical transfer, and synthesis in machine translation Fourth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation (TMI-92), Empiricist vs. rationalist methods in MT, June 25-27, 1992, Montreal, CCRIT-CWARC; pp.83-100. [PDF, 209KB]

Candide

(2011) Kevin Knight: Integrated morphology for translation [abstract]. Machine Translation and Morphologically- rich Languages: Research Workshop of the Israel Science Foundation, University of Haifa, Israel, 23 January, 2011; presentation: 104 slides [PDF of PPT, 2895KB]

(1994) Adam L.Berger, Peter F.Brown, Stephen A.Della Pietra, Vincent J.Della Pietra, John R.Gillett, John D.Lafferty, Robert L.Mercer, Harry Printz, & Luboš Ureš: The Candide system for machine translation. Human Language Technology: proceedings of a workshop held at Plainsboro, New Jersey, USA, March 8-11, 1994. (San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, 1994); pp.157-162. [PDF, 1046KB]

(1994) Stephen DellaPietra & Vincent DellaPietra: Candide: a statistical machine translation system.  Human Language Technology: proceedings of a workshop held at Plainsboro, New Jersey, USA, March 8-11, 1994. (San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, 1994); p.457. [PDF, 526KB]

(1994) John S. White, Theresa A. O'Connell, Francis E. O'Mara: The ARPA MT evaluation methodologies: evolution, lessons,and future approaches. Technology partnerships for crossing the language barrier: Proceedings of the First Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas,5-8 October, Columbia, Maryland, USA. [Washington, DC: AMTA]; pp. 193-205 [PDF, 212KB]

(1994) John White, Theresa O’Connell, & Matthew Hopwood: Results 1Q94 ARPA evaluation of machine translation. ARPA Workshop on Machine Translation, March 17 1994, Sheraton Premier Hotel at Tyson’s Corner, Vienna; 19 slides [PDF, 320KB]

(1992) Peter F. Brown, Stephen A. Della Pietra, Vincent J. Della Pietra, John D. Lafferty, & Robert L. Mercer: Analysis, statistical transfer, and synthesis in machine translation Fourth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation (TMI-92), Empiricist vs. rationalist methods in MT, June 25-27, 1992, Montreal, CCRIT-CWARC; pp.83-100. [PDF, 209KB]

(1992) DARPA’s MT thrust. Language Industry Monitor, issue no.8, March-April 1992; p.4. [PDF, 82KB]

Canevas

(2003) Brian Porro, Jean Acheroy, & Florent Thouvenin: Generic text interface (Canevas/GTi): producing and publishing structured legal documents at the Court of Justice of the European Communities. Translating and the Computer 25: proceedings of the Twenty-fifth International Conference on Translating and the Computer, 20-21 November 2003, London. (London: Aslib, 2003); 35pp. [PDF, 514KB]

CAP

(1986) Heinz-Dirk Luckhardt & Manfred Thiel: Controlled active procedures as a tool for linguistic engineering. Coling ’86: 11th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, August 25th to 29th, 1986, University of Bonn, [Germany]. Proceedings; pp. 464-469. [PDF, 543KB]

CaptionEye

(2001) Young-Ae Seo, Yoon-Hyung Roh, Ki-Young Lee & Sang-Kyu Park: CaptionEye/EK: a English-to-Korean caption translation system using the sentence pattern. MT Summit VIII: Machine Translation in the Information Age, Proceedings, Santiago de Compostela, Spain, 18-22 September 2001; pp.325-329. [PDF, 285KB]

CASIA

(2005) Wei Pang, Zhendong Yang, Zhenbiao Chen, Wei Wei, Bo Xu & Chengqing Zong: The CASIA phrase-based machine translation system. International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation: Evaluation Campaign on Spoken Language Translation [IWSLT 2005], 24-25 October, 2005, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; 8pp. [PDF, 114KB]

CAT

(1985) Doug Arnold, Lieven Jaspaert, Rod Johnson, Steven Krauwer, Mike Rosner, Louis des Tombe, Nino Varile, & Susan Warwick: A mu1 view of the <C,A>,T framework in Eurotra.  Proceedings of the Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural Languages, Colgate University, Hamilton, New York, August 14-16, 1985 [TMI-1985]; pp. 1-14. [PDF, 202KB]

CAT2

(2006) Michael Carl & Ecaterina Rascu: A dictionary lookup strategy for translating of discontinuous phrases. EAMT-2006: 11th Annual Conference of the European Association for Machine Translation, June 19-20, 2006, Oslo, Norway. Proceedings; p.49-57 [PDF, 197KB]

(1999) Oliver Streiter, Leonid L. Iomdin, Munpyo Hong & Ute Hauck: Learning, forgetting and remembering: statistical support for rule-based MT.  Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation (TMI 99), August 23-25, 1999, University College, Chester, England; pp. 44-54 [PDF, 236KB]

(1998) Munpyo Hong: Multiple-subject constructions in the multilingual MT-system CAT2. Machine translation and the information soup: third conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, AMTA '98, Langhorne, PA,USA, October 1998; ed. David Farwell, Laurie Gerber, Eduard Hovy (Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1998); pp.174-186. [go to publisher details]

(1995) Ruslan Mitkov: CAT2: a unification-based machine translation system. In: Machine Translation Review, issue 1: April 1995; pp.18-19.

(1995) Ruslan Mitkov, Sung-Kwon Choi, & Randall Sharp: Anaphora resolution in machine translation. TMI-95: proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, July 5-7, 1995, Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium; pp.87-95. [PDF, 203KB]

(1995) O.Streiter & A.Schmidt-Wigger: The integration of linguistic and domain specific knowledge: CAT2 within ANTHEM. In: MT News International no.11, May 1995

(1995) Oliver Streiter & Antje Schmidt-Wigger: Patterns of derivation. TMI-95: proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, July 5-7, 1995, Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium; pp.256-272.[PDF, 330KB]

(1994) Nadia Mesli: Interlingua vs. transfer? Knowledge sharing across projects. Technology partnerships for crossing the language barrier: Proceedings of the First Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas,5-8 October, Columbia, Maryland, USA. [Washington, DC: AMTA]; pp. 169-176. [PDF, 171KB]

(1989) exhibitors at MT Summit II, August 16-18, 1989, Munich, Germany [Frankfurt a.M.: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Dokumentations e.V.]; 2nd ed.: pp.13-28.[PDF, 271KB]

(1988) Randall Sharp: CAT2 -- implementing a formalism for multi-lingual MT. Second International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural Languages, June 12-14, 1988, Carnegie Mellon University, Center for Machine Translation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, [USA]; 12pp. [PDF, 203KB]

Cat-E

(2008) Toni Badia, Maite Melero, & Oriol Valentin: Rapid deployment of a new METIS language pair: Catalan-English. LREC 2008: 6th Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, Marrakech, Morocco, 26-30 May 2008; 4pp. [PDF, 122KB]

Caterpillar Technical English

(2003) Eric Nyberg, Teruko Mitamura & Willem-Olaf Huijsen: Controlled language for authoring and translation. In: Harold Somers (ed.) Computers and translation: a translator’s guide (Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2003); pp.245-281.

(1992) New MT system for Caterpillar now under development. In: MT news, Language Industry Monitor, issue no.10, July-August 1992; pp.6-7. [PDF, 90KB]

CatVar

(2003) Nizar Habash & Bonnie Dorr: CatVar: a database of categorial variations for English MT Summit IX, New Orleans, USA, 23-27 September 2003; pp.471-474. [PDF, 170KB]

(2003) Nizar Habash & Bonnie Dorr: A categorial variation database for English HLT-NAACL 2003: conference combining Human Language Technology conference series and the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics conference series,  May 27 – June 1,  2003, Edmonton, Canada; pp.17-23 [PDF, 302KB]

CCA [Canonical Correlation Analysis]

(2009) Jan Rupnik: Multi-view CCA and regression CCA. SMART Workshop at EACL 2009, Barcelona, Spain, 13 May 2009. 26 slides. [PDF of PPT,2578KB]

CCLINC

(2001) Young-Suk Lee, Wu Sok Yi, Stephanie Seneff, & Clifford J. Weinstein: Interlingua-based broad-coverage Korean-English translation at CCLINC. HLT-2001: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Human Language Technology Research, San Diego, CA, March 18-21, 2001; 6pp. [PDF, 80KB]

(1997) Young-Suk Lee, Clifford Weinstein, Dinesh Tummala, Linda Kukolich, & Stephanie Seneff: Simplification of nomenclature leads to an ideal IL for human language communication. Proceedings of the AMTA/SIG-IL First Workshop on Interlinguas, October 28, 1997, San Diego, CA, USA; pp. 71-72. [PDF, 86KB]

cdec

(2010) Chris Dyer, Adam Lopez, Juri Ganitkevitch, Jonathan Weese, Ferhan Ture, Phil Blunsom, Hendra Setiawan, Vladimir Eidelman, & Philip Resnik: cdec: a decoder, alignment, and learning framework for finite-state and context-free translation models. Proceedings of the ACL 2010 System Demonstrations, Uppsala, Sweden, 13 July 2010; pp.7-12. [PDF, 171KB]

CDER

(2006) Gregor Leusch, Nicola Ueffing, & Hermann Ney: CDER: efficient MT evaluation using block movements. EACL-2006: 11th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Trento, Italy, April 3-7, 2006; pp.241-248 [PDF, 146KB]

CELEX

(1994) Lambros Cranias, Harris Papageorgiou, & Stelios Piperidis: A matching technique in example-based machine translation. Coling 1994: the 15th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1994, Kyoto, Japan; pp. 100-104. [PDF, 456KB]

(1994) Harris Papageorgiou, Lambros Cranias, & Stelios Piperidis: Automatic alignment in parallel corpora. 32nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 27-30 June 1994, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico, USA; pp.334-336. [PDF, 277KB]

CELTA

(2005) Lumar Bértoli Jr., Rodolfo Pinto da Luz, & Rogério Cid Bastos: A WEB platform using UNL: CELTA’s showcase. In: Jesús Cardeñosa, Alexander Gelbukh, Edmundo Tovar (eds.): Universal Networking Language: advances in theory and applications (Mexico City: National Polytechnic Institute); pp.276-285 [abstract, PDF, 15KB]

CESAR

(2011) Maciej Ogrodniczuk & Adam Przepiórkowski: Polish LRTs: CESAR’s story.  META-FORUM 2011: Solutions for multilingual Europe, June 27/28 2011, Hotel Marriott, Budapest, Hungary; 14 slides [PDF of PPT, 324KB]

(2011) Marko Tadić: The CESAR project: enabling LRT for 70m+ speakers.  META-FORUM 2011: Solutions for multilingual Europe, June 27/28 2011, Hotel Marriott, Budapest, Hungary; 24 slides [PDF of PPT, 810KB]

ČESILKO

(2005) Petr Homola & Vladislav Kuboň: A machine translation system into a minority language. International workshop: Modern approaches in translation technologies, Borovets, Bulgaria, 24 September 2005; p.31-35 [PDF, 178KB]

(2002) Lukasz Dębowski, Jan Hajič, & Vladislav Kuboň: Testing the limits – adding a new language to an MT system. Prague Bulletin of Mathematical Linguistics, no.78, 2002; 7pp. [PDF, 208KB]

(2000) Jan Hajič, Jan Hric, & Vladislav Kuboň: Machine translation of very close languages.  ANLP-NAACL-2000: proceedings of the Sixth conference on Applied Natural Language Processing and 1st Meeting of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, April 29 – May 4, 2000, Seattle, Washington; pp.7-12. [PDF, 527KB]

(2000) Jan Hajič, Jan Hric, & Vladislav Kuboň: ČESÍLKO – an MT system for closely related languages. ACL-2000: 38th Annual meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Hong Kong. Demonstration notes, 3-6 October 2000; pp.7-8 [PDF, 187KB]

(1999) Jan Hajič, Jan Hric & Vladislav Kuboň: Machine translation of very closely related languages. In: EAMT Workshop, Prague, April 22-23, 1999. [abstract only, PDF]

CESTA (evaluation method)

(2010) Olivier Hamon: Is my judge a good one? LREC 2010: proceedings of the  seventh international conference on Language Resources and Evaluation, 17-23 May 2010, Valletta, Malta; pp.1735-1740. [PDF, 281KB]

(2007) Paula Estrella, Andrei Popescu-Belis, & Maghi King: A new method for the study of correlations between MT evaluation metrics. TMI-2007: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, Skövde [Sweden], 7-9 September 2007; pp.55-64 [PDF, 949KB]; presentation [PDF, 95KB]

(2007) Olivier Hamon, Anthony Hartley, Andrei Popescu-Belis, & Khalid Choukri: Assessing human and automated quality judgments in the French MT evaluation campaign CESTA. MT Summit XI, 10-14 September 2007, Copenhagen, Denmark. Proceedings; pp. 231-238 [PDF, 93KB]

(2007) Olivier Hamon: Experiences and conclusions from the CESTA evaluation project. MT Summit XI Workshop: Automatic procedures in MT evaluation, 11 September 2007, Copenhagen, Denmark, [Proceedings]; 22pp. [PDF of PPT presentation, 108KB]

(2006) O. Hamon & M. Rajman: X-score: automatic evaluation of machine translation grammaticality.  LREC-2006: Fifth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation. Proceedings, Genoa, Italy, 22-28 May 2006; pp.155-160 [PDF, 318KB]

(2006) O. Hamon, A. Popescu-Belis, K.Choukri, M.Dabbadie, A.Hartley, W.Mustafa El Hadi, M.Rajman, & I.Timimi: CESTA: first conclusions of the Technolangue MT evaluation campaign.  LREC-2006: Fifth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation. Proceedings, Genoa, Italy, 22-28 May 2006; pp.179-184 [PDF, 288KB]

(2005) Sylvain Surcin, Olivier Hamon, Antony Hartley, Martin Rajman, Andrei Popescu-Belis, Widad Mustafa El Hadi, Ismaïl Timimi, Marianne Dabbadie, & Khalid Choukri: Evaluation of machine translation with predictive metrics beyond BLEU/NIST: CESTA evaluation campaign # 1. MT Summit X, Phuket, Thailand, September 13-15, 2005, Conference Proceedings: the tenth Machine Translation Summit; pp.117-124. [PDF, 162KB]

(2004) Widad Mustafa El Hadi, Marianne Dabbadie, Ismail Timimi, Martin Rajman, Philippe Langlais, Anthony Hartley, & Andrei Popescu Belis: Work-in-progree project report: CESTA – machine translation evaluation campaign. Coling 2004: Proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Language Resources for Translation Work, Research and Training, 28th August, University of Geneva, Switzerland; pp. 16-25.. [PDF, 151KB]

CETA (Grenoble University)

(1988) Christian Boitet: Bernard Vauqois' contribution to the theory and practice of building MT systems: a historical perspective. Second International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural Languages, June 12-14, 1988, Carnegie Mellon University, Center for Machine Translation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, [USA]; 18pp. (including bibliography) [PDF, 256KB]

(1975) J. Chauche: The ATEF and CETA systems. American Journal of Computational Linguistics, microfiche 17; pp. 21-40. [PDF, 3453KB]

(1973) Christian Boitet: Towards an adaptative and interactive system in automatic translation. Computational and mathematical linguistics: proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Pisa, 27/VIII – 1/IX 1973, editors: A.Zampolli, N.Calzolari (Firenze: Olschki, 1980) (Biblioteca dell’Archivum Romanicum, serie II: Linguistica, 37); vol.2, pp.731-759. [PDF, 543KB]

CETA (Chinese-English Translation Assistance)

(1976) J. Mathias: Chinese-English Translation Assistance group [abstract]. In: FBIS Seminar on Machine Translation, 8-9 March 1976, Rosslyn, Virginia. American Journal of Computational Linguistics, microfiche 46; p.26 [PDF, 36KB]

(1973) Jim Mathias: Cooperative file improvement and use of a computer-based Chinese/English dictionary.  Computational and mathematical linguistics: proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Pisa, 27/VIII – 1/IX 1973, editors: A.Zampolli, N.Calzolari (Firenze: Olschki, 1980) (Biblioteca dell’Archivum Romanicum, serie II: Linguistica, 36); vol.1, pp.275-279. [PDF, 239KB]

Champollion

(2010) Peng Li, Maosong Sun, & Ping Xue: Fast-Champollion: a fast and robust sentence alignment algorithm. Coling 2010: 23rd International Conference on Computational Linguistics, 23-27 August 2010, Beijing International Convention Center, Beijing, China, Posters volume; pp.710-718. [PDF, 267KB]

(2010) Peng Li, Maosong Sun & Ping Xue: Fast-Champollion: a fast and robust sentence alignment algorithm [abstract]. CICLING 2010: 11th International Conference on Intelligent Text Processing and Computational Linguistics, March 21-27, 2010, Iaşi, Romania; 1p. [PDF, 59KB]

(2008) Kazuaki Maeda, Xiaoyi Ma, & Stephanie Strassel: Creating sentence-aligned parallel text corpora from a large archive of potential parallel text using BITS and Champollion.  LREC 2008: 6th Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, Marrakech, Morocco, 26-30 May 2008; 4pp. [PDF, 68KB]

(2006) Xiaoyi Ma: Champollion: a robust parallel text sentence aligner.  LREC-2006: Fifth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation. Proceedings, Genoa, Italy, 22-28 May 2006; pp.489-492 [PDF, 313KB]

(1996) Frank Smadja, Kathleen R. McKeown, & Vasileios Hatzivassiloglou: Translating collocations for bilingual lexicons: a statistical approach. Computational Linguistics 22 (1), pp. 1-38 [PDF, 2763KB]

(1994) Frank Smadja & Kathleen McKeown: Translating collocations for use in bilingual lexicons. Human Language Technology: proceedings of a workshop held at Plainsboro, New Jersey, USA, March 8-11, 1994. (San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, 1994); pp.152-156. [PDF, 915KB]

char_align

(1993) Kenneth Ward Church: Char_align: a program for aligning parallel texts at the character level. 31st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 22-26 June 1993, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; pp. 1-8. [PDF, 625KB]

(1993) Ido Dagan, Kenneth W. Church, William A.Gale: Robust bilingual word alignment for machine aided translation. Workshop on Very Large Corpora: Academic and Industrial Perspectives. Proceedings, June 22, 1993, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; pp.1-8. [PDF, 689KB]

Chaski

(2010) Qin Gao & Stephan Vogel: Training phrase-based machine translation models on the cloud. Open source machine translation toolkit Chaski. Fourth Machine Translation Marathon “Open Source Tools for Machine Translation”, 25-30 January, Dublin, Ireland; Prague Bulletin of Mathematical Linguistics, no.93, January 2010; pp.37-46. [PDF, 158KB]

CINDOR

(2006) Nizar Habash, Clinton Mah, Sabiha Imran, Randy Calistri-Yeh, & Páraic Sheridan: Design, construction and validation of an Arabic-English conceptual interlingua for cross-lingual information retrieval. LREC-2006: Fifth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation. Proceedings, Genoa, Italy, 22-28 May 2006; pp.107-112 [PDF, 408KB]

ClearCheck

(1994) Peggy Andersen: ClearCheck demonstration. Technology partnerships for crossing the language barrier. Proceedings of the First Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, 5-8 October 1994, Columbia, Maryland, USA (Washington, DC: AMTA); pp.227 [PDF, 50KB]

CLEF

(2010) Pamela Forner, Danilo Giampiccolo, Bernardo Magnini, Anselmo Peñas, Álvaro Rodrigo, & Richard Sutcliffe: Evaluating multilingual question answering systems at CLEF. LREC 2010: proceedings of the  seventh international conference on Language Resources and Evaluation, 17-23 May 2010, Valletta, Malta; pp.2774-2781. [PDF, 314KB]

(2010) Bo Li & Eric Gaussier: Improving corpus comparability for bilingual lexicon extraction from comparable corpora. Coling 2010: 23rd International Conference on Computational Linguistics. Proceedings of the conference, 23-27 August 2010, Beijing International Convention Center, Beijing, China; pp.644-652. [PDF, 276KB]

(2010) Diana Santos, Luís Miguel Cabral, Corina Forascu, Pamela Forner, Frederic Gey, Katrin Lamm, Thomas Mandl, Petya Osenova, Anselmo Peñas, Álvaro Rodrigo, Julia Schulz, Yvonne Skalban, & Erik Tjong Kim Sang: GikiCLEF: crosscultural issues in multilingual information access. LREC 2010: proceedings of the  seventh international conference on Language Resources and Evaluation, 17-23 May 2010, Valletta, Malta; pp.2346-2353. [PDF, 408KB]

(2008) Sivaji Bandyopadhyay, Tapabrata Mondal, Sudip Kumar Naskar, Asif Ekbal, Rejwanul Haque, & Srinivasa Rao Godavarthy: Bengali, Hindi and Telegu to English ad-hoc bilingual task. IJCNLP 2008: 2nd International Workshop on Cross-Lingual Information Access (CLIA) Proceedings of the workshop, 11 January 2008, Hyderabad, India; abstract, p.66. [PDF, 12KB]

(2008) Manoj Kumar Chinnakotla, Sagar Ranadive, Om P.Damani & Pushpak Bhattacharyya: Hindi and Marathi to English cross language information. IJCNLP 2008: 2nd International Workshop on Cross-Lingual Information Access (CLIA) Proceedings of the workshop, 11 January 2008, Hyderabad, India; abstract, p.64. [PDF, 12KB]

(2008) Nicola Ferro & Carol Peters: From CLEF to TrebleCLEF: the evolution of the cross-language evaluation forum. Proceedings of NTCIR-7 Workshop Meeting, December 16-19, 2008, Tokyo, Japan; pp.577-593. [PDF, 2080KB]

(2008) Prasad Pingali & Vasudeva Varma: Hindi and Telugu to English CLIR using query expansion. IJCNLP 2008: 2nd International Workshop on Cross-Lingual Information Access (CLIA) Proceedings of the workshop, 11 January 2008, Hyderabad, India; abstract, p.68. [PDF, 12KB]

(2006) Paul Clough, Julio Gonzalo, & Jussi Karlgren: Multilingual interactive experiments with Flickr.  EACL-2006: Proceedings of the Workshop on New Text: Wikis and blogs and other dynamic text sources, April 4, 2006, Trento, Italy; pp.70-73. [PDF, 450KB]

(2005) Christian Fluhr: Criticisms and proposed evolutions of the information retrieval evaluation paradigm. ELRA-HLT Evaluation Workshop, Malta, 1-2 December 2005; 7pp. [PDF from PPT, 32KB]

(2004) Michael Kluck: Evaluation of cross-language information retrieval using the domain-specific GIRT data as parallel German-English corpus. LREC-2004: Fourth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation, Proceedings, Lisbon, Portugal, 26-28 May 2004; pp.1343-1346. [PDF, 1533KB]

(2004) Carol Peters, Martin Braschler, Khalid Choukri, Julio Gonzalo, & Michael Kluck: The future of evaluation for cross-language information retrieval systems. LREC-2004: Fourth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation, Proceedings, Lisbon, Portugal, 26-28 May 2004; pp.841-844. [PDF, 266KB]

(2001) Martin Braschler & Carol Peters: The CLEF campaign. NTCIR Workshop 2: Proceedings of the Second NTCIR Workshop on Research in Chinese & Japanese Text retrieval and Text Summarization, March 7-9, 2001, Tokyo, Japan; 6pp. [PDF, 163KB]

Cleopatra

(2009) Andrew Finch & Eiichiro Sumita: Transliteration by bidirectional statistical machine translation. [ACL-IJCNLP-2009] Proceedings of the 2009 Named Entities Workshop ACL-IJCNLP 2009, Suntec, Singapore, 7 August 2009; pp.52-56. [PDF, 84KB]

CLIME

(2001) Lynne Cahill: Semi-automatic construction of multilingual lexicons.  In: Machine Translation Review, issue 12: December 2001; pp.58-66.

(2000) Lynne Cahill: Semi-automatic construction of multilingual lexicons. MT2000: machine translation and multilingual applications in the new millennium: international conference at the University of Exeter, 20-22 November 2000, organised by the British Computer Society. [London: BCS]; 10pp. [PDF, 2016KB]

ClipperRSS

(2008) Roderick Holland & Brendan Keyes: ClipperRSS: a light-weight prototype for the cross-language exploitation of syndicated feeds. AMTA-2008. MT at work: Proceedings of the Eighth Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, Waikiki, Hawai’i, 21-25 October 2008; pp.390-393. [PDF, 661KB]

CoBLEU

(2009) Adam Pauls, John DeNero, & Dan Klein: Consensus training for consensus decoding in machine translation. EMNLP-2009: proceedings of the 2009 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, Singapore, 6-7 August 2009; pp.1418-1427. [PDF, 502KB]

COLABA

(2010) Yassine Benajiba & Mona Diab: A web application for dialectal Arabic text annotation. LREC 2010: Workshop on Language Resources and Human Language Technology for Semitic Languages, Valletta, Malta, 17 May 2010; pp. 91-98. [PDF, 747KB]

(2010) Mona Diab, Nizar Habash, Owen Rambow, Mohamed Altantawy, & Yassine Benajiba: COLABA: Arabic dialect annotation and processing. LREC 2010: Workshop on Language Resources and Human Language Technology for Semitic Languages, Valletta, Malta, 17 May 2010; pp. 66-74. [PDF, 747KB]

COMIT (programming language)

(1987) Gerald Gazdar: COMIT ==>* PATR II. TINLAP-3: Theoretical Issues in Natural Language Processing 3: New Mexico State University, 7-9 January 1987. Position papers; pp.39-41. [PDF, 630KB]

(1967) Victor H.Yngve: MT at M.I.T. In: A.D.Booth (ed.) Machine translation. (Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing Company, 1967); pp.451-523.

(1965) Jared L. Darlington: Machine methods for proving logical arguments expressed in English.  Mechanical Translation and Computational Linguistics, vol. 8, nos.3 and 4, June and October 1965; pp.41-67 [PDF, 422KB]

(1963) Jared L. Darlington: Translating ordinary language into symbolic logic. In: Abstracts of papers for the 1963 annual meeting of the Association for Machine Translation and Computational Linguistics, Denver, Colorado, August 25 and 26, 1963.  Mechanical Translation, vol. 7, no.2, August 1963; p.34

 (1960) Victor H.Yngve: The COMIT system. Proceedings of the National Symposium on Machine Translation, held at the University of California, Los Angeles, February 2-5, 1960; ed. H.P.Edmundson. (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1961); pp.439-443. [PDF, 51KB]

 (1960) Victor H. Yngve: MT at MIT: the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.  Proceedings of the National Symposium on Machine Translation, held at the University of California, Los Angeles, February 2-5, 1960; ed. H.P.Edmundson. (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1961); pp.126-132. [PDF, 69KB]

 (1959) V.H.Yngve: The COMIT system for mechanical translation.  Information processing: International Conference on Information Processing, Unesco, Paris, 15-20 June 1959 (Paris: Unesco, 1960); pp.183-187. [PDF, 53KB]

(1958) Victor H.Yngve: A programming language for mechanical translation, Mechanical Translation 5 (1), July 1958; pp. 25-41 [PDF, 282KB]

Comprendium Translator Server

(2005) Ulrike Bernardi, Andras Bocsak, & Jörg Porsiel: Are we making ourselves clear? Terminology management and machine translation at Volkswagen. 10th EAMT conference "Practical applications of machine translation", 30-31 May 2005, Budapest; pp. 41-49. [PDF, 273KB]

(2005) Hans-Udo Stadler: Lexicon-coding workflow at CLS Communication. 10th EAMT conference "Practical applications of machine translation", 30-31 May 2005, Budapest; pp. 255-261. [PDF, 56KB]

(2001) Steve McLaughlin & Angela Schmidt: DTS: a delivery system for translation and translation-related services. Translating and the Computer 23: papers from the Aslib conference held on 29 & 30 November 2001 (London: Aslib, 2001); 10pp. [PDF, 145KB]

(2001) Jon Wells: Productively testing the scalability of MT & TM to the limit! And beyond. Translating and the Computer 23: papers from the Aslib conference held on 29 & 30 November 2001 (London: Aslib, 2001); 9pp. [PDF, 187KB]

COMSKEE (programming language)

(1985) Axel Biewer, Christian Féneyrol, Johannes Ritzke & Erwin Stegentritt: ASCOF -- a modular multilevel system for French-German translation.  Computational Linguistics 11 (2-3), pp. 137-154 [PDF, 1339KB]

CONTRAST

(1996) Isahara Hitoshi, Inui Hiroko, & Uchida Yuriko: Lexical knowledge from large corpora and its application to text generation. Expanding MT horizons: Proceedings of the Second Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, 2-5 October 1996, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (Washington, DC: AMTA); pp.66-75 [PDF, 362KB]

(1989) Shun Ishizaki: Machine translation using contextual information. In: Makoto Nagao (ed.) Machine translation summit (Tokyo: Ohmsha, 1989), p. 25 [PDF, 82KB] [Rewritten version of paper given at MT Summit: Machine Translation Summit, Hakone, Japan, September 1987]

(1987) Shun Ishizaki: Machine translation using contextual information.  MT Summit: Machine Translation Summit.  Manuscripts & Program, September 17-19, 1987, Hakone Prince Hotel, Japan; pp. 53-54 [PDF, 100KB] [Revised version in: Makoto Nagao (ed.) Machine translation summit (Tokyo: Ohmsha, 1989), p. 25]

Converser

(2011) Mark Seligman & Mike Dillinger: Real-time multi-media translation for healthcare: a usability study. MT Summit XIII: the Thirteenth Machine Translation Summit [organized by the] Asia-Pacific Association for Machine Translation (AAMT), 19-23 September 2011, Xiamen, China; pp.595-602. [PDF, 574KB]

(2006) Mike Dillinger & Mark Seligman: ConverserTM : highly interactive speech-to-speech translation for healthcare.  HLT-NAACL 2006: Proceedings of the  Workshop on Medical Speech Translation, 9 June 2006, New York, NY, USA; pp.40-43 [PDF, 71KB]

Convertus

(2007) Anna Sågvall Hein: Rule-based and statistical machine translation with a focus on Swedish [abstract]. Invited talk at TMI-2007: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, Skövde [Sweden], 7-9 September 2007; 1p. [PDF, 15KB]

(2006) Anna Sågvall Hein & Per Weijnitz: Approaching a new language in machine translation – considerations in choosing a strategy. LREC-2006: Fifth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation. 5th SALTMIL Workshop on Minority Languages: “Strategies for developing machine translation for minority languages”, Genoa, Italy, 23 May 2006; pp.7-12. [PDF, 95KB]

Copiale cipher

(2011) Kevin Knight, Beáta Megyesi & Christiane Schaefer: The Copiale cipher. ACL 2011: Proceedings of the Fourth Workshop on Building and Using Comparable Corpora, Portland, Oregon, USA, 24 June 2011; pp.110-119. [PDF, 657KB]

(2011) John Markoff: Translation tool cracked a 1700s code. New York Times, November 13, 2011. [PDF, 65KB]

COPPA

(2011) Bruno Pouliquen & Christophe Mazenc: COPPA, CLIR and TAPTA: three tools to assist in overcoming the patent barrier at WIPO. MT Summit XIII: the Thirteenth Machine Translation Summit [organized by the] Asia-Pacific Association for Machine Translation (AAMT), 19-23 September 2011, Xiamen, China; pp.24-30. [PDF, 896KB]

Core Language Engine

(2000) Margo Budzikowska: Information structure transfer: bridging the information gap in structurally different languages. Envisioning machine translation in the information future: 4th conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, AMTA 2000, Cuernavaca,Mexico, October 2000; ed. John S. White (Berlin: Springer Verlag, 2000); pp.80-88. [go to publisher details]

(1992) Hiyan Alshawi, David Carter, Steve Pulman, Manny Rayner, & Björn Gambäck: English-Swedish translation [of] dialogue software. Translating and the Computer 14: Quality Standards and the Implementation of Technology in Translation. Papers presented at a conference… 10-11 November 1992, CBI Conference Centre, London (London: Aslib, 1992); pp.165-174. [PDF, 73KB]

(1991) Hiyan Alshawi, David Carter, Manny Rayner, & Björn Gambäck: Translation by quasi logical form transfer. 29th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 18-21 June 1991, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA; pp.161-168. [PDF, 669KB]

(1991) Björn Gambäck, Manny Rayner, Hiyan Alshawi & David Carter: Measuring compositionality of transfer.  Proceedings of the Evaluators’ Forum, April 21st – 24th, 1991, Les Rasses, Vaud, Switzerland, ed. Kirsten Falkedal. (Geneva: ISSCO); pp. 181-184. [PDF, 189KB]

(1990) Hiyan Alshawi: Resolving quasi logical forms. Computational Linguistics 16 (3), pp. 133-144 [PDF, 1198KB]

(1990) Hiyan Alshawi & David Carter: Interactive translation using quasi logical forms. Proceedings of a Workshop on Machine Translation, 2-3 July 1990, UMIST, Manchester, ed.J.McNaught; 15pp. [PDF, 118KB]

(1989) Hiyan Alshawi & Jan van Eijck: Logical forms in the core language engine. 27th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 26-29 June 1989, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; pp.25-32. [PDF, 616KB]

Corelli

(1999) Svetlana Sheremetyeva & Sergei Nirenburg: Interactive MT as support for non-native language authoring. Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp. 324-330. [PDF, 212KB]

(1999) Rémi Zajac: A multilevel framework for incremental development of MT systems. Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp. 646-653. [PDF, 172KB]

(1998) Rémi Zajac: MT Express. Proceedings of the 10th European Summer School on Logic, Linguistics and Information (ESSLLI), Saarbrücken, 24-28 August 1998: Workshop on machine translation. [PDF, 40KB]

CorporA1

(2010) Mark Fishel & Heiki-Jaan Kaalep: CorporAl: a method and tool for handling overlapping parallel corpora. Fifth Machine Translation Marathon, 13-18 September, University of Le Mans; Prague Bulletin of Mathematical Linguistics, no.94, September 2010; pp.67-76. [PDF, 149KB]; presentation [PDF, 1037KB]

CorTA

(2004) Diana Santos, Belinda Mala, & Luís Sarmento: Gathering empirical data to evaluate MT from English to Portuguese.  LREC-2004. Workshop, 25th May 2004: The amazing utility of parallel and comparable corpora; pp. 14-17. [PDF, 317KB]

CoSyne

 (2011) Federico Gaspari, Antonio Toral & Sudip Kumar Naskar: User-focused task-oriented MT evaluation for wikis: a case study. Proceedings of the Third Joint EM+/CNGL Workshop “Bringing MT to the User: Research Meets Translators” (JEC ’11), Luxembourg, 14 October 2011; pp.13-22. [PDF, 961KB]

(2011) Sudip Kumar Naskar, Antonio Toral, Federico Gaspari, & Andy Way: A framework for diagnostic evaluation of MT based on linguistic checkpoints. MT Summit XIII: the Thirteenth Machine Translation Summit [organized by the] Asia-Pacific Association for Machine Translation (AAMT), 19-23 September 2011, Xiamen, China; pp.529-536. [PDF, 170KB]

(2011) Antonio Toral, Federico Gaspari, Sudip Kumar Naskar, & Andy Way: Comparative evaluation of research vs. online MT systems. [EAMT 2011]: proceedings of the 15th conference of the European Association for Machine Translation, 30-31 May 2011, Leuven, Belgium; eds. Mikel L.Forcada, Heidi Depraetere, Vincent Vandeghinste; pp.13-20. [PDF, 163KB]; presentation, 22 slides [PDF, 173KB]

(2011) CoSyne, a project on multi-lingual content synchronization with wikis. (European Machine Translation Projects.) [EAMT 2011]: proceedings of the 15th conference of the European Association for Machine Translation, 30-31 May 2011, Leuven, Belgium; eds. Mikel L.Forcada, Heidi Depraetere, Vincent Vandeghinste; p.329. [PDF, 46KB]

COTEL

(1987) Cay-Holger Stoll: Translation tools on PC. Translating and the Computer 9: potential and practice, ed. Catriona Picken. Proceedings of a conference… 12-13 November 1987, CBI Conference Centre, Centre Point, London (London: Aslib, 1988); pp.11-26. [PDF, 71KB]

CRATER

(1995) Roger Garside: Matching words in a bilingual corpus. In: Machine Translation Review, issue 2: October 1995; pp.7-18

CRITTER

(1988) Marc Dymetman & Pierre Isabelle: Reversible logic grammars for machine translation. Second International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural Languages, June 12-14, 1988, Carnegie Mellon University, Center for Machine Translation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, [USA]; 16pp. [PDF, 201KB]

(1988) Pierre Isabelle, Marc Dymetman, & Elliott Macklovitch: CRITTER: a translation system for agricultural market reports. Coling Budapest: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, 22-27 August 1988, John von Neumann Society for Computing Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; vol.1, pp.261-266. [PDF, 95KB]

CroCo

(2006) Mihaela Vela & Silvia Hansen-Schirra: The use of multi-level annotation and alignment for the translator. Translating and the Computer 28: proceedings of the Twenty-eighth International Conference on Translating and the Computer, 16-17 November 2006, London. (London: Aslib, 2006); 19pp. [PDF, 187KB]

CrowdFlower

(2011) Luisa Bentivogli, Marcello Federico, Giovanni Moretti, & Michael Paul: Getting expert quality from the crowd for machine translation evaluation. MT Summit XIII: the Thirteenth Machine Translation Summit [organized by the] Asia-Pacific Association for Machine Translation (AAMT), 19-23 September 2011, Xiamen, China; pp.521-528. [PDF, 337KB]

C-STAR

(2006) Michael Paul: Overview of the IWSLT06 evaluation campaign. International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation: Evaluation Campaign on Spoken Language Translation [IWSLT 2006], November 27-28, 2006, Kyoto, Japan; pp.1-15  [PDF, 134KB]

(2005) Gianni Lazzari: Speech to speech translation. ELRA-HLT Evaluation Workshop, Malta, 1-2 December 2005; 110pp. [PDF from PPT, 1091KB]

(2004) proceedings of International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation: Evaluation Campaign on Spoken Language Translation [IWSLT 2004], September 30 – October 1, 2004, Kyoto, Japan.

(2003) Marcello Federico: Evaluation frameworks for speech translation technologies. Eurospeech 2003 - Interspeech 2003 8th European  Conference on  Speech Communication and Technology, Geneva, Switzerland, September 1-4, 2003; pp.377-380; abstract [PDF, 33KB]

(2002) Lori Levin, Donna Gates, Dorcas Wallace, Kay Peterson, Alon Lavie, Fabio Pianesi, Emanuele Pianta, Roldano Cattoni, & Nadia Mana: Balancing expressiveness and simplicity in an interlingua for task based dialogue; ACL-2002 workshop "Speech-to-speech translation",11 July 2002, Philadelphia, USA; pp. 53-60 [PDF, 131KB]

(2000) Lori Levin, Donna Gates, Alon Lavie, Fabio Pianesi, Dorcas Wallace, Taro Watanabe, & Monika Woszczyna: Evaluation of a practical interlingua for task-oriented dialogue. NAACL-ANLP 2000 Workshop: Applied Interlinguas: Practical Applications of Interlingual Approaches to NLP, Seattle, May 2000; pp. 18-23 [PDF, 408KB]

(1999) Alex Waibel: Translation systems under the C-STAR framework. [abstract only] Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; p.121. [PDF, 61KB]

(1998) Monika Woszczyna, Matthew Broadhead, Donna Gates, Marsal Gavaldá, Alon Lavie, Lori Levin, & Alex Waibel: A modular approach to spoken language translation for large domains. Machine translation and the information soup: third conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, AMTA '98, Langhorne, PA,USA, October 1998; ed. David Farwell, Laurie Gerber, Eduard Hovy (Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1998); pp.31-40. [go to publisher details]

CTM

(1992) Satoshi Sato: CTM: an example-based translation aid system. Coling-92: Proceedings of the Fifteenth [i.e. Fourteenth] International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Nantes, 23-28/8/1992; pp. 1259-1263. [PDF, 318KB]

CULT (Chinese University Language Translator)

(1978) Shiu-Chang Loh, Hing-Sum Hung, & Luan Kong: A dual language translator. Advances in computer-aided literary and linguistic research: Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Computers in Literary and Linguistic Research, University of Aston, Birmingham, 3-7 April 1978 (AMLC 1979); pp.107-115. [PDF,

(1978) Shiu-Chang Loh & Luan Kong: An interactive on-line machine translation system (Chinese into English). Translating and the Computer: proceedings of a seminar, London, 14th November, 1978; ed. Barbara M.Snell (Amsterdam/New York/Oxford: North-Holland Publishing Company, 1979); pp. 135-148. [PDF, 176KB]

(1978) Shiu-Chang Loh, Luan Kong, & Hing-Sum Hung: Machine translation of Chinese mathematical articles. ALLC Bulletin, vol.6, 1978; pp. 111-120. [PDF, 107KB]

(1978) Margaret Masterman: The essential skills to be acquired for machine translation. Translating and the Computer: proceedings of a seminar, London, 14th November, 1978; ed. Barbara M.Snell (Amsterdam/New York/Oxford: North-Holland Publishing Company, 1979); pp.159-180. [PDF, 347KB]

(1978) P.H.Nancarrow: The Chinese University Language Translator (CULT) – a report. ALLC Bulletin, vol.6, 1978; p. 121. [PDF, 40KB]

(1977) S.C.Loh & L.Kong: Computer translation of Chinese scientific journals.  Overcoming the language barrier: third European Congress on Information Systems and Networks, Luxembourg, 3-6 May 1977, organised by the Commission of the European Communities (München: Verlag Dokumentation, 1977); vol.1, pp.631-645 . [PDF, 155KB]

(1976) Shiu-Chang Loh: CULT, Chinese University Language Translator [abstract]. In: FBIS Seminar on Machine Translation, 8-9 March 1976, Rosslyn, Virginia. American Journal of Computational Linguistics, microfiche 46; pp.46-50 [PDF, 165KB]

Cunei

(2011) Aaron B.Phillips & Ralf D.Brown: Training machine translation with a second-order Taylor approximation of weighted translation instances. MT Summit XIII: the Thirteenth Machine Translation Summit [organized by the] Asia-Pacific Association for Machine Translation (AAMT), 19-23 September 2011, Xiamen, China; pp.40-47. [PDF, 198KB]

(2010) Aaron B.Phillips: The Cunei machine translation platform for WMT’10. ACL 2010: Joint Fifth Workshop on Statistical Machine Translation and MetricsMATR. Proceedings of the workshop, 15-16 July 2010, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; pp. 149-154. [PDF, 121KB]

(2009) Kathy Baker, Steven Bethard, Michael Bloodgood, Ralf Brown, Chris Callison-Burch, Glen Coppersmith, Bonnie Dorr, Wes Filardo, Kendall Giles, Anni Irvine, Mike Kayser, Lori Levin, Justin Martineau, Jim Mayfield, Scott Miller, Aaron Phillips, Andrew Philpot, Christine Piatko, Lane Schwartz, & David Zajic: Semantically informed machine translation (SIMT). Final report of the 2009 Summer Camp for Applied Language Exploration [John Hopkins University], November 2009; 152pp. [PDF, 5705KB]

(2009) Aaron B. Phillips & Ralf D. Brown: Cunei machine translation platform: system description. Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Example-Based Machine Translation, 12-13 November 2009, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland, ed. Mikel L. Forcada [and] Andy Way; pp.29-36. [PDF, 109KB]; presentation [PDF of PPT, 1356KB]

Cybertrans

(1994) Michelle Vanni: Project Cybertrans. Contribution to panel Voices of experience: MT in operational settings at the First Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, 5-8 October 1994, Columbia, Maryland, USA (Washington, DC: AMTA); pp.221-222 [PDF, 84KB]

CzEng

(2009) Ondřej Bojar & Zdeněk Žabokrtský: CzEng 0.9: large parallel treebank with rich annotation. Prague Bulletin of Mathematical Linguistics, no.92, December 2009; pp.63-83 [PDF, 217KB]

(2008) Ondřej Bojar, Miroslav Janiček, Zdeněk Žabokrtský, Pavel Češka, & Peter Beňa: CzEng 0.7: parallel corpus with community-supplied translations. LREC 2008: 6th Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, Marrakech, Morocco, 26-30 May 2008; 6pp. [PDF, 73KB]

(2006) Ondřej Bojar & Zdeněk Žabokrtský: CzEng: Czech-English parallel corpus: release version 0.5. Prague Bulletin of Mathematical Linguistics, no.86, 2006; pp.59-62. [PDF, 92KB]

Dan2eng

(2007) Eckard Bick: Dan2eng: wide-coverage Danish-English machine translation. MT Summit XI, 10-14 September 2007, Copenhagen, Denmark. Proceedings; pp.37-43 [PDF, 621KB]

DANTERM

(1979) Lene Frandsen & Bodil Nistrup Madsen: The setting up and operation of  a Danish terminological data bank (the DANTERM project). In: Human translation, machine translation. Papers from the 10th annual Conference on Computational Linguistics in Odense, Denmark, 22-23 November 1979; ed. Suzanne Hanon and Viggo Hjørnager Pedersen (Odense Universitet, August 1980); pp. 121-131. [PDF, 52KB]

DBR-MAT

(1997) Walther von Hahn: Providing multilingual term explanations in machine aided translation EAMT Workshop "Language technology in your organization?", May 21 - 22, 1997, Center for Sprogteknologi, Copenhagen, Denmark; pp.79-90. [PDF, 277KB]

(1996) Galia Angelova & Kalina Bontcheva: NL domain explanations in knowledge based MAT. Coling 1996: the 16th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1996, Center for Sprogteknologi, Copenhagen; pp. 1016-1019. [PDF, 456KB]

(1994)  Walther v.Hahn & Galja Angelova: Providing factual information in MAT. International conference “Machine translation: ten years on” Proceedings ... held at Cranfield University, England, 12-14 November 1994 (Cranfield University Press, 1998) [PDF, 223KB]

DEFI

(1998) Archibald Michiels & Nicolas Dufour: DEFI, a tool for automatic multi-word unit recognition, meaning assignment and translation selection. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.1179-1186. [PDF, 72KB]

Déjà Vu

(1998) Michael Benis: Review of Atril’s Déjà Vu 2: the happy hoarder. Translation Journal 2 (1), January 1998; 6pp. [PDF, 77KB]

(1998) Peter Kjelsen: Déjà Vu: a translator’s view. In: MT News International no.20, October 1998. [PDF]

DELiC4MT

(2011) Sudip Kumar Naskar, Antonio Toral, Federico Gaspari, & Andy Way: A framework for diagnostic evaluation of MT based on linguistic checkpoints. MT Summit XIII: the Thirteenth Machine Translation Summit [organized by the] Asia-Pacific Association for Machine Translation (AAMT), 19-23 September 2011, Xiamen, China; pp.529-536. [PDF, 170KB]

DELIS

(1993) Ulrich Heid: Relating parallel monolingual lexicon fragments for translation purposes. In: Machine translation and the lexicon: Third international EAMT workshop, Heidelberg, Germany, April 26-28 1993, Proceedings (Berlin: Springer, 1995); pp.2319-251. [abstract]

(1993) Nicholas Ostler: Perception vocabulary in five languages – towards an analysis using frame elements. In: Machine translation and the lexicon: Third international EAMT workshop, Heidelberg, Germany, April 26-28 1993, Proceedings (Berlin: Springer, 1995); pp.219-230. [abstract]

DELPH-IN

(2005) Francis Bond, Stephan Oepen, Melanie Siegel, Ann Copestake, & Dan Flickinger: Open Source machine translation with DELPH-IN  MT Summit X, Phuket, Thailand, September 16, 2005, Proceedings of Workshop on Open Source Machine Translation; pp.15-22. [PDF, 2700KB]

DEMOCRAT

(2005) Menno van Zaanen & Harold Somers: DEMOCRAT: deciding between multiple outputs created by automatic translation. MT Summit X, Phuket, Thailand, September 13-15, 2005, Conference Proceedings: the tenth Machine Translation Summit; pp.173-180. [PDF, 2578KB]

DIALOG

(2010) Proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation, 2-3 December 2010, Paris, France

(2010) Michael Paul, Marcello Federico, & Sebastian Stüker: Overview of the IWSLT 2010 evaluation campaign. Proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation, 2-3 December 2010, Paris, France; pp.3-27. [PDF, 558KB]

DictaSign

(2011) Eva Safar: Machine translation with corpus linguistics and HPSG. International Workshop on Sign Language Translation and Avatar Technology (SLTAT), 10-11 January 2011, Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs, Berlin, Germany; 12 slides [PDF of PPT, 288KB]

Diderot

(1993) Y. Wilks, J. Pustejovsky, & J. Cowie: Diderot: TIPSTER program, automatic data extraction from text utilizing semantic analysis.  Human Language Technology: proceedings of a workshop held at Plainsboro, New Jersey, USA, March 21-24, 1993. (San Francisco, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, 1993); p.405. [PDF, 97KB]

(1992) Y. Wilks, J. Pustejovsky, & J. Cowie: Diderot: TIPSTER program, automatic data extraction from text utilizing semantic analysis.  Speech and Natural Language: proceedings of a workshop held at Harriman, New York, USA, February 23-26, 1992. (San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, 1992); p. 479. [PDF, 541KB]

DiET

(1998) Judith Klein, Sabine Lehmann, Klaus Netter, & Tillmann Wegst: DiET in the context of MT evaluation. Konvens ’98 Workshop: Evaluation of the Linguistic Performance of Machine Translation Systems, Universität Bonn (St Augustin: Gardez! Verlag, 1998); 21pp. [PDF, 112KB]

DILEMMA

(1994) Hans Karlgren, Jussi Karlgren, Magnus Nordström, Paul Pettersson & Bengt Wahrolén: Dilemma – an instant lexicographer. Coling 1994: the 15th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1994, Kyoto, Japan; pp. 82-84. [PDF, 257KB]

DILMANC

(2008) Rauf Fatullayev, Ali Abbasov, & Abulfat Fatullayev: “DILMANC” is the 1st MT system for Azerbaijani. SLTC 2008: Second Swedish Language Technology Conference, November 20-21, 2008, Stockholm; pp.63-64. [PDF, 267KB]

DIOGENES

(1990) Christine Defrise & Sergei Nirenburg: Meaning representation and text planning. Coling-90: Papers presented to the 13th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Helsinki, 20-25 August 1990; ed. Hans Karlgren; vol.3, pp. 219-224. [PDF, 725KB]

(1990) Christine Defrise & Sergei Nirenburg: Speaker attitudes in text planning. Fifth international workshop on Natural Language Generation, Proceedings, 3-6 June 1990, Linden Hall Conference Center, Dawson, Pennsylvania; pp. 150-155. [PDF, 529KB]

(1988) Sergei Nirenburg & Irene Nirenburg: A framework for lexical selection in natural language generation. Coling Budapest: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, 22-27 August 1988, John von Neumann Society for Computing Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; vol.2, pp.471-475. [PDF, 445KB]

(1988) Sergei Nirenburg, Rita McCardell, Eric Nyberg, Scott Huffman, Edward Kernschaft, & Irene Nirenburg: Lexical realization in natural language generation. Second International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural Languages, June 12-14, 1988, Carnegie Mellon University, Center for Machine Translation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, [USA]; 16pp. [PDF, 278KB]

DIONYSUS

(1992) Lynn Carlson & Sergei Nirenburg: Practical world modeling for NLP applications.  Third conference on Applied Natural Language Processing [of] Association for Computational Linguistics. Proceedings of the conference, 31 March – 3 April 1992, Trento, Italy;  pp.235-236. [PDF, 206KB]

DIPLOMAT

(2000) Christopher Hogan & Robert Frederking: WebDIPLOMAT: a web-based interactive machine translation system Coling 2000 in Europe: the 18th International Conference on Computational Linguistics. Proceedings of the conference, Universität des Saarlandes, Saarbrücken, Germany, 31 July -4 August 2000; pp. 1041-1045 [PDF,.473KB]

(1999) Robert Frederking, Christopher Hogan, & Alexander Rudnicky: A new approach to the translating telephone.  Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp. 556-563. [PDF, 175KB]

(1998) Jeffrey Allen & Christopher Hogan: Expanding lexical coverage of parallel corpora for the EBMT approach. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.747-754. [PDF, 302KB]

(1997) Robert E. Frederking, Ralf D.Brown, & Christopher Hogan: The DIPLOMAT rapid-deployment speech MT system.  MT Summit VI. Machine Translation: Past, Present, Future.  Proceedings, 29 October – 1 November 1997, San Diego, California, USA; pp. 261-262 [PDF, 86KB]

(1997) Robert Frederking, Alexander Rudnicky, & Christopher Hogan: Interactive speech translation in the DIPLOMAT project.  Spoken Language Translation: proceedings of a workshop… ed. Steven Krauwer, Doug Arnold, Walter Kasper, Manny Rayner, Harold Somers, 11 July 1997, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, Spain; pp.61-66. [PDF, 622KB]

(1996) Robert E. Frederking & Ralf D. Brown: System demonstration: The Pangloss-Lite machine translation system. Expanding MT horizons: Proceedings of the Second Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, 2-5 October 1996, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (Washington, DC: AMTA); pp.268-272 [PDF, 116KB]

DirecTL

(2010) Sittichai Jiampojamarn, Kenneth Dwyer, Shane Bergsma, Aditya Bhargava, Qing Dou, Mi-Young Kim, & Grzegorz Kondrak: Transliteration generation and mining with limited training resources. NEWS 2010: Proceedings of the 2010 Named Entities Workshop, ACL 2010, Uppsala, Sweden, 16 July 2010; pp.39-47. [PDF, 143KB]

(2009) Sittichai Jiampojamarn, Aditya Bhargava, Qing Dou, Kenneth Dwyer, & Grzegorz Kondrak: DirecTL: a language-independent approach to transliteration. [ACL-IJCNLP-2009] Proceedings of the 2009 Named Entities Workshop ACL-IJCNLP 2009, Suntec, Singapore, 7 August 2009; pp.28-31. [PDF, 128KB]

DLT [Distributed Language Translation]

(2006) Toon Witkam: History and heritage of the DLT (Distributed Language Technology) project. [Utrecht: private publication, 2006]. 11pp. [PDF, 170KB]

(2005) Toon Witkam: A new road to automatic translation. [Utrecht: private publication, 26 November 2005]. 13pp. [PDF, 177KB]

(1992) Klaus Schubert: Esperanto as an intermediary language for machine translation. In: John Newton (ed.) Computers in translation: a practical appraisal (London: Routledge, 1992),; pp.78-95.

(1991) Recycling DLT. Language Industry Monitor, issue no.1, January-February 1991; pp.2-3. [PDF, 88KB]

(1989) Chrysanne DiMarco: [review of] Test coherence in translation [by] Bart Papegaaij and Klaus Schubert (Foris Publications, 1988).  Computational Linguistics 15 (3), p. 207 [PDF, 111KB]

(1989) Jonathan Slocum: [review of] Word expert semantics [ed. by] Bart C.Papegaaij et al. (Foris Publications, 1986).  Computational Linguistics 15 (3), pp. 207-210 [PDF, 111KB]

(1988) Alan K. Melby: Lexical transfer: between a source rock and a hard target. Coling Budapest: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, 22-27 August 1988, John von Neumann Society for Computing Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; vol.2, pp.411-413. [PDF, 271KB]

(1988) Bart Papegaaij &  Klaus Schubert: Text coherence in translation. Dordrecht: Foris Publications, 1988. 211pp. (Distributed Language Translation, 3). Contents.

(1988) Klaus Schubert: The architecture of DLT - interlingual or double direct?  In: Dan Maxwell, Klaus Schubert & Toon Witkam (eds.) New directions in machine translation. Conference proceedings, Budapest 18-19 August, 1988; pp.131-144.

(1988) Dorine Tamis: The treatment of form determination for French in DLT.  Interface: Journal of Applied Linguistics 3.1 (1988); pp. 45-56. [PDF, 111KB]

(1988) Toon Witkam: DLT – an industrial R&D project for multilingual MT. Coling Budapest: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, 22-27 August 1988, John von Neumann Society for Computing Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; vol.2, pp.756-759. [PDF, 294KB]

(1987) Klaus Schubert: Metataxis: contrastive dependency syntax for machine translation. Dordrecht: Foris Publications, 1987. 250pp. (Distributed Language Translation, 2) [PDF, 7634KB]

(1987) Toon Witkam: Interlingual MT – an industrial initiative.  MT Summit: Machine Translation Summit.  Manuscripts & Program, September 17-19, 1987, Hakone Prince Hotel, Japan; pp. 135-140 [PDF, 106KB] [Reprint in: Makoto Nagao (ed.) Machine translation summit (Tokyo: Ohmsha, 1989), pp. 128-132]

(1986) B.C.Papegaaij, V.Sadler, & A.P.M.Witkam: Experiments with an MT-directed lexical knowledge bank. Coling ’86: 11th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, August 25th to 29th, 1986, University of Bonn, [Germany]. Proceedings; pp. 313-318. [PDF, 320KB]

(1986) B.C.Papegaaij: Word expert semantics: an interlingual knowledge-based approach; ed. V.Sadler and A.P.M.Witkam. Dordrecht: Foris Publications, 1986.ix,254pp. (Distributed Language Translation, 1). Contents.

(1983) A.P.M.Witkam: DLT: distributed language translation – a multilingual system for computer networks. Feasibility study of a multilingual facility for videotex information networks. Utrecht: Buro voor Systeemontwikkeling, 1983. 8 files. [PDF]

DMAX

(1993) Shinichi Doi & Kazunori Muraki: Evaluation of DMAX criteria for selecting equivalent translation based on dual corpora statistics. TMI-93: The Fifth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, Kyoto, Japan, July 14-16, 1993: Proceedings; pp. 302-311. [PDF, 481KB]

DmTrans

(1989) Hiroaki Kitano, Hideto Tomabechi, & Lori Levin: Ambiguity resolution in the DmTrans Plus. Fourth conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the conference, 10-12 April 1989, University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology, Manchester, England; pp. 72-79. [PDF, 739KB]

Domino Translation Object

(1999) Alan Barrett: Otelo and the Domino Translation Object.  Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp.177-181. [PDF, 103KB]

DPC (Dutch Parallel Corpus)

(2008) Julia Trushkina, Lieve Macken, & Hans Paulussen: Sentence alignment in DPC: maximizing precision, minimizing human effort.  LREC 2008: 6th Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, Marrakech, Morocco, 26-30 May 2008; 4pp. [PDF, 52KB]

DP/Translator

(1994) CompuServe deploys online MT for German and French. Language Industry Monitor, issue no.22, July-August 1994; pp.13-14. [PDF, 70KB]

DTM (Direct Translation Model)

(2007) Abraham Ittycheriah & Salim Roukos: Direct translation model 2. NAACL-HLT-2007 Human Language Technology: the conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 22-27 April 2007, Rochester, NY; pp.57-64 [PDF, 238KB]

DUET

(1997) Ian Johnson: Personal translation applications. Translating and the Computer 19. Papers from the Aslib conference held on 13 & 14 November 1997 (London: Aslib, 1997); 14pp. [PDF, 186KB]

Duet Qt

(1995) Yoji Fukumochi: A way of using a small MT system in industry MT Summit V Proceedings, Luxembourg, July 10-13, 1995; 6pp. [PDF, 148KB]

DUSTer

(2002) Bonnie J.Dorr, Lisa Pearl, Rebecca Hwa, & Nizar Habash: DUSTer: a method for unraveling cross-language divergences for statistical word-level alignment. Machine translation: from research to real users: 5th conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, AMTA 2002, Tiburon, CA, October 2002; ed. Stephen D. Richardson (Berlin: Springer Verlag, 2002); pp. 31-43. [go to publisher details]

EAGLES [see also ISLE]

(2005) Keith J. Miller: Evaluation principles and objectives: ISLE, EAGLES (a play in three acts).  ELRA-HLT Evaluation Workshop, Malta, 1-2 December 2005; 48pp. [PDF from PPT, 901KB]

(2002) Eduard Hovy, Margaret King, & Andrei Popescu-Belis: Computer-aided specification of quality models for machine translation evaluation. LREC-2002: Third International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation. Proceedings, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain, 27 May – 2 June 2002; pp.1239-1246. [PDF, 78KB]

(1998) Margaret King & Bente Maegaard: Issues in natural language systems evaluation. First International Conference on Language Resources & Evaluation, Granada, Spain, 28-30 May 1998. Proceedings ed. Antonio Rubio, Natividad Gallardo, Rosa Castro and Antonio Tejada; pp.225-230. [PDF, 59KB]

(1993) Nicoletta Calzolari: European efforts towards standardizing language resources. In: Machine translation and the lexicon: Third international EAMT workshop, Heidelberg, Germany, April 26-28 1993, Proceedings (Berlin: Springer, 1995); pp.121-130. [abstract]

(1993) EAGLES: stretching its wings. Language Industry Monitor, issue no.15, May-June 1993; p.14. [PDF, 93KB]

(1993) ISSCO: neutral but not passive. Language Industry Monitor, issue no.18, November-December 1993; p.6. [PDF, 91KB]

(1992) Margaret King: International working group on MT evaluation [with discussion]. In: MT evaluation: basis for future directions. Proceedings of a workshop..., 2-3 November 1992, San Diego, California; pp. 4-7 [PDF, 111KB]

EASTIN

(2011) EASTIN-CL: crosslingual and multimodal search in a portal for support of assisted living. (European Machine Translation Projects.) [EAMT 2011]: proceedings of the 15th conference of the European Association for Machine Translation, 30-31 May 2011, Leuven, Belgium; eds. Mikel L.Forcada, Heidi Depraetere, Vincent Vandeghinste; p.331. [PDF, 138KB]

EasyEnglish

(2006) Arendse Bernth: EasyEnglish Analyzer: taking controlled language from sentence to discourse level. CLAW 2006: 5th International Workshop on Controlled Language Applications, Cambridge, MA, USA, August 12, 2006; 7pp. [PDF, 116KB]

(2003) Robert Betts: EasyEnglish: challenges in cross-cultural communication Controlled language translation, EAMT-CLAW-2003, Dublin City University, 15-17 May 2003 [PDF, 179KB]

(1999) Arendse Bernth: Controlling input and output of MT for greater user acceptance. Translating and the Computer 21. Proceedings of the Twenty-first International Conference…10-11 November 1999 (London: Aslib, 1999); 10pp. [PDF, 93KB]

(1998) Arendse Bernth: Easy English: addressing structural ambiguity. Machine translation and the information soup: third conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, AMTA '98, Langhorne, PA,USA, October 1998; ed. David Farwell, Laurie Gerber, Eduard Hovy (Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1998); pp.164-173. [go to publisher details]

(1997) Arendse Bernth: EasyEnglish: a tool for improving document quality.  Fifth conference on Applied Natural Language Processing [of] Association for Computational Linguistics. Proceedings of the conference, 31 March – 3 April 1997, Washington Marriott Hotel, Washington, DC, USA;  pp.159-165. [PDF, 635KB]

ECOLE

(2003) Rolf Schwitter, Anna Ljungberg & David Hood: ECOLE: a look-ahead editor of controlled language Controlled language translation, EAMT-CLAW-03, Dublin City University, 15-17 May 2003; pp.141-150. [PDF, 148KB]

eContent

(2004) M.Gavrilidou, P.Labropoulou, E.Desipri, V.Giouli, V.Antonopoulos, & S.Piperidis: Building parallel corpora for eContent professionals.  Coling 2004: Proceedings of the Workshop on Multilingual Linguistic Resources (MLR2004), August 28th 2004, University of Geneva, Switzerland; pp.97-100. [PDF, 34KB]

ECTST

(1990) Huang Jianshuo: Design issue of ECTST. Coling-90: Papers presented to the 13th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Helsinki, 20-25 August 1990; ed. Hans Karlgren; vol.3, pp. 376-378. [PDF, 262KB]

EDEAL

(2009) Anna Borovikov, Eugene Borovikov, Bradley Colquitt, & Kristen Summers: The EDEAL project for automated processing of African languages.  MT Summit XII: proceedings of the twelfth Machine Translation Summit, August 26-30, 2009, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; pp. 546-549. [PDF, 73KB]

EDGAR

(2000) Michael Carl: Combining invertible example-based machine translation with translation memory technology. Envisioning machine translation in the information future: 4th conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, AMTA 2000, Cuernavaca,Mexico, October 2000; ed. John S. White (Berlin: Springer Verlag, 2000); pp.127-136. [go to publisher details]

(1999) Michael Carl: Inducing translation templates for example-based machine translation.  Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp. 250-258. [PDF, 245KB]

(1999) Michael Carl & Silvia Hansen: Linking translation memories with example-based machine translation. Machine Translation Summit VII, 13th-17th September 1999, Kent Ridge Digital Labs, Singapore. Proceedings of MT Summit VII “MT in the Great Translation Era”; pp. 617-624. [PDF, 225KB].

EDPM

(2009) Jeremy G.Kahn, Matthew Snover, & Mari Ostendorf: Expected dependency pair match: predicting translation quality with expected syntactic structure [abstract]. Machine Translation 23 (2/3), September 2009; pp.169-179.

EDR

(2007) Yujie Zhang, Qing Ma, & Hitoshi Isahara: Building Japanese-Chinese translation dictionary based on EDR Japanese-English bilingual dictionary. MT Summit XI, 10-14 September 2007, Copenhagen, Denmark. Proceedings; pp.551-557 [PDF, 323KB]

(2006) Eiko Yamamoto, Kyoko Kanzaki, & Hitoshi Isahara: Detection of inconsistencies in concept classifications in a large dictionary: toward an improvement of the EDR electronic dictionary.  LREC-2006: Fifth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation. Proceedings, Genoa, Italy, 22-28 May 2006; pp.2325-2330 [PDF, 569KB]

(1999) Satoshi Sekine, Kiyoshi Sudo, & Takano Ogino: Statistical matching of two ontologies. SIGLEX99: Standardizing Lexical Resources. Proceedings of a workshop sponsored by the [ACL] Special Interest Group on the Lexicon, June 21, 22, 1999, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA; pp.69-73. [PDF, 453KB]

(1997) Hideo Miyoshi, Takano Ogino, & Kenji Sugiyama: EDR’s concept classification and description for interlingual representation.  Proceedings of the AMTA/SIG-IL First Workshop on Interlinguas, October 28, 1997, San Diego, CA, USA; pp. 81-89. [PDF,  184KB]

(1996) Hideo Miyoshi, Kenji Sugiyama, Masahiro Kobayashi, & Takano Ogino: An overview of the EDR electronic dictionary and current status of its utilization. Coling 1996: the 16th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1996, Center for Sprogteknologi, Copenhagen; pp. 1090-1093. [PDF, 303KB]

(1994) A. Koizumi, M. Arioka, C. Harada, M. Sugimoto, L. Guthrie, C. Watts, R. Catizone, & Y. Wilks: Noun phrasal entries in the EDR English word dictionary. Coling 1994: the 15th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1994, Kyoto, Japan; pp. 257-262. [PDF, 477KB]

(1994) Eiji Komatsu, Jin Cui, & Hiroshi Yasuhara: English generation from interlingua by example-based method. Coling 1994: the 15th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings, August 5-9, 1994, Kyoto, Japan; pp. 363-368. [PDF, 477KB]

(1993) Seibi Chiba: The electronic dictionary project - current status and future plans MT Summit IV: International Cooperation for Global Communication. Proceedings, July 20-22, 1993, Kobe, Japan; pp.65-71 [PDF, 171KB]

(1993) Eiji Komatsu, Cui Jin & Hiroshi Yasuhara: A mono-lingual corpus-based machine translation of the interlingua method. TMI-93: The Fifth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation, Kyoto, Japan, July 14-16, 1993: Proceedings; pp. 24-47. [PDF, 404KB]

(1993) Makoto Nagao: What kind of information is necessary for NLP and MT? In: Building lexicons for machine translation: papers from the 1993 AAAI Spring Symposium, March 23-25, Stanford, California. (Technical report SS-93-02; Menlo Park, California: AAAI Press, 1993); pp.138-141.

(1993) Yoichi Takebayashi: EDR electronic dictionary MT Summit IV: International Cooperation for Global Communication. Proceedings, July 20-22, 1993, Kobe, Japan; pp. 117-126 [PDF, 212KB]

(1993) Hozumi Tanaka: Multi-lingual machine translation systems in the future.  In: Sergei Nirenburg (ed.) Progress in machine translation (Amsterdam, Oxford, Washington, DC: IOS Press; Tokyo: Ohmsha, 1993), pp. 29-32. [PDF, 109KB]

(1993) Toshio Yokoi: From electronic dictionaries to very large-scale knowledge bases MT Summit IV: International Cooperation for Global Communication. Proceedings, July 20-22, 1993, Kobe, Japan; pp.47-62 [PDF, 282KB]

(1993) MT Summit IV. Language Industry Monitor, issue no.17, September-October 1993; pp.4-6. [PDF, 97KB]

(1989) Hiroshi Uchida & Takahiro Kakizaki: Electronic dictionary project. In: Makoto Nagao (ed.) Machine translation summit (Tokyo: Ohmsha, 1989), pp. 83-86. [PDF, 156KB] 

(1987) Naohiro Kakizaki: Research and development of an electronic dictionary: current status and future plan.  MT Summit: Machine Translation Summit.  Manuscripts & Program, September 17-19, 1987, Hakone Prince Hotel, Japan; pp. 61-64 [PDF, 145KB]